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US 11,091,715 B2Granted
Fuel compositions based on binders from birch bark
AssigneeRegents of the University of Minnesota
InventorsOksana Kolomitsyna, Matthew Young, Timothy Hagen, Donald Fosnacht, Eric Singsaas
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure describe binder materials from birch bark, methods of making the binder materials, fuel compositions comprising the binder materials, methods of forming the fuel compositions in the form of pellets and/or briquettes, and the like.
Claims8
A method of making a binder material from birch bark, comprising:
- contacting birch bark with an organic liquid solvent to obtain a first extract, wherein the first extract includes at least fatty acids and triterpenes;
- separating at least a portion of the triterpenes from the first extract to obtain a second extract with a reduced concentration of triterpenes;
- contacting the second extract with a nonpolar solvent to obtain a third extract;
- and
- contacting the third extract with an alcohol alkali solution to obtain a binder material via alkali hydrolysis, wherein the binder material includes one or more of fatty acids, fatty acids salts, fatty acids esters, sterols, and waxes.
2 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.