Method and device for non-reciprocal transmission of electromagnetic radiation beam

A method for non-reciprocal transmission of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam intended to transmit the EMR beam forward and prevent reverse transmission by directing forward and reverse propagating EMR beams along different paths, comprising:

• a) splitting the EMR beam travelling along any preselected path of input/output paths pair (1, 3) (2, 4) into two equally or nearly equally intensive split EMR beams together with inducing a phase shift of Pi/2+n*Pi radians, where n is any integer number, between the split EMR beam;
• b) inputting the split EMR beams into a rotating ring interferometer (12), which rotates at the angular velocity Ω, and combining into two equally or nearly equally intensive counter-propagating EMR beams travelling along counter-paths (6), (7) inside the rotating ring interferometer (12), and because of a Sagnac Effect, a phase shift of ±Pi/2+m*Pi radians, where m is any integer number, is induced between two counter-propagating EMR beams, which may be either positive or negative, with respect to the phase shift m*Pi radians, depending on a direction in which the counter-propagating EMR beams travel along the counter-paths (6), (7) with regard to a the rotation direction of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and results in a total phase shift of either Pi+(m+n)*Pi radians or 0+(m+n)*Pi radians between the counter-propagating EMR beams;
• c) combining of the counter-propagating EMR beams inside the rotating ring interferometer (12) into one single EMR beam and outputting from the rotating ring interferometer (12) through input/output path selected from a different input/output path pair (2, 4) (1, 3) than the input/output path pair through which the EMR beam is inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• and
• d) aligning at least one input/output path of the EMR beams preselected of the input/output path pair (1, 3) and at least one input/output path of EMR beams preselected of the different input/output path pair (2, 4) with a rotation axis (8) of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and directing the EMR beams to respective input/output ports (21, 23) (22, 24).

A device for non-reciprocal transmission of an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam intended to transmit the EMR beam forward and prevent reverse transmission, equipped with at least two input/output ports for inputting the EMR beam into the device and outputting the EMR beam from the device, the device comprising:

• a rotating ring interferometer (12) comprising:
• a beam splitter (5) to split the EMR beam inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12) and combine separated EMR beams into a single EMR beam prior to output from the rotating ring interferometer (12), wherein the beam splitter (5) splits the EMR beam, which is inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12), into two equally or nearly equally intensive counter-propagating EMR beams, travelling along counter paths (6), (7) inside the rotating ring interferometer (12) and because of a Sagnac Effect, a phase shift of ±Pi/2+m*Pi radians, where m is any integer number, is induced, which may be either positive or negative, with respect to the phase shift m*Pi radians, depending on a direction in which the counter-propagating EMR beams propagate with regard to a rotation direction of the rotating ring interferometer (12), and
• a phase element for inducing an additional phase shift of Pi/2+n*Pi radians, where n is any integer number, between the counter-propagating EMR beams inside the rotating ring interferometer (12), which is not dependent on the direction in which the counter-propagating EMR beams propagate with regard to the rotation direction of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and results in a total phase shift of either Pi+(m+n)*Pi radians or 0+(m+n)*Pi radians between the counter-propagating EMR beams travelling along counter paths (6), (7), which are then directed to the beam splitter (5) and combined into a single EMR beam which is outputted from the rotating ring interferometer (12) through a different input/output path selected from the paths (1, 2, 3, 4) than the input/output path through which the EMR beam is inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• EMR beam transmission circuit connecting at least two paths preselected of the input/output paths (1, 2, 3, 4) of the EMR beams intended to align the selected paths with a rotation axis (8) of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and to direct the EMR beams to respective input/output ports (21, 22, 23, 24).

A device for non-reciprocal transmission of an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam intended to transmit the EMR beam forward and prevent reverse transmission, equipped with at least two input/output ports for inputting the EMR beam into the device and outputting the EMR beam from the device, the device comprising:

• a rotating ring interferometer (12) comprising:
• a beam splitter (5) to split the EMR beam or to combine two EMR beams, which are inputted in the rotating ring interferometer (12) into two equally or nearly equally intensive counter-propagating EMR beams, travelling along counter-paths (6) (7) inside the rotating ring interferometer (12) and because of a Sagnac Effect, a phase shift of ±Pi/2+m*Pi radians, where m is any integer number, is induced between two counter-propagating EMR beams, which may be either positive or negative, with respect to the phase shift m*Pi radians, depending on a direction in which the counter-propagating EMR beams propagate with regard to a rotation direction of the rotating ring interferometer (12), and to combine counter-propagating EMR beams into two EMR beams or one EMR beam, which is outputted from the rotating ring interferometer,
• a phase element (11), arranged on a preselected path of input/output paths pair (1, 3) (2, 4), intended for splitting the EMR beam travelling along any preselected path together with inducing the phase shift of Pi/2+n*Pi radians, where n is any integer number, between the EMR beams which are split, which are inputted to the rotating ring interferometer (12) and results in a total phase shift of either Pi+(m+n)*Pi radians or 0+(m+n)*Pi radians between the counter-propagating EMR beams travelling along counter paths (6), (7) and outputted from the rotating ring interferometer (12) through the input/output paths pair selected from a different input/output paths pair (2, 4) (1, 3) than the input/output path pair through which the EMR beam is inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• an EMR beam transmission circuit for connecting and aligning at least one input/output path of EMR beams preselected of input/output paths pair (1,3) and at least one input/output path of EMR beams preselected of another input/output paths pair (2, 4) with a rotation axis (8) of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and directing the EMR beams to respective input/output ports (21, 23) (22, 24).

A method for non-reciprocal transmission of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam intended to transmit the EMR beam forward and prevent reverse transmission by directing forward and reverse propagating EMR beams along different paths, comprising:

• a) inputting the EMR beam travelling along any preselected path of input/output paths pair (1, 3), (2, 4) into a rotating ring interferometer (12), which rotates at an angular velocity Ω, and splitting into two equally or nearly equally intensive counter-propagating EMR beams travelling along counter-paths (6), (7) inside the rotating ring interferometer (12) and because of a Sagnac Effect, a phase shift of ±Pi/2+m*Pi radians, where m is any integer number, is induced between two counter-propagating EMR beams, which may be either positive or negative, with respect to the phase shift m*Pi radians, depending on a direction in which the counter-propagating EMR beams travel along the counter-paths (6), (7) with regard to a rotation direction of the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• b) combining of the counter-propagating EMR beams inside the rotating ring interferometer (12) into two EMR beams and outputting the two EMR beams from the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• c) inducing the phase shift of Pi/2+n*Pi radians between the two EMR beams outputted from the rotating ring interferometer (12) resulting in a total phase shift of either Pi+(m+n)*Pi radians or 0+(m+n)*Pi radians between the two EMR beams, and combining the two EMR beams into a single EMR beam and directing the single EMR beam forward along an input/output path selected from a different path pair (2, 4), (1, 3) than the input/output path pair through which the EMR beam is inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• and
• d) aligning at least one input/output path of the EMR beams preselected of an input/output path pair (1, 3) and at least one input/output path of EMR beams preselected of another input/output path pair (2, 4) with a rotation axis (8) of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and directing the EMR beams to respective input/output ports (21, 23) (22, 24).

A device for non-reciprocal transmission of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam intended to transmit the EMR beam forward and prevent reverse transmission, equipped with at least two input/output ports for inputting the EMR beam into the device and outputting the EMR beam from the device comprising:

• a rotating ring interferometer (12) comprising:
• a beam splitter (5) to split the one EMR beam or to combine two EMR beams, which are inputted in the rotating ring interferometer (12) into two equally or nearly equally intensive counter-propagating EMR beams, travelling along counter-paths (6), (7) inside the rotating ring interferometer (12) and because of a Sagnac Effect, a phase shift of ±Pi/2+m*Pi radians, where m is any integer number, is induced between two counter-propagating EMR beams, which may be either positive or negative, with respect to the phase shift m*Pi radians, depending on a direction in which the counter-propagating EMR beams propagate with regard to a rotation direction of the ring interferometer (12), and to combine counter-propagating EMR beams into two EMR beams or one EMR beam, which is outputted from the rotating ring interferometer,
• a phase element (11) is arranged on the preselected path of input/output paths pair (2, 4) (1, 3), for inducing the phase shift of Pi/2+n*Pi radians between two EMR beams or one EMR beam outputted from the rotating ring interferometer (12), such that a total phase shift of either Pi+(m+n)*Pi radians or 0+(m+n)*Pi radians between the EMR beam(s), together with combining into a single EMR beam and directing forward along input/output path pair selected from a different input/output paths pair (2, 4) (1, 3) than the input/output path pair through which the EMR beam is inputted into the rotating ring interferometer (12);
• and
• an EMR beam transmission circuit for connecting and aligning at least one input/output paths pair of EMR beams preselected of an input/output paths pair (1, 3) and at least one input/output path of EMR beams preselected of a different input/output paths pair (2, 4) with a rotation axis (8) of the rotating ring interferometer (12) and directing the EMR beams to respective input/output ports (21, 23) (22, 24).