Fittings, components, and associated tools

A fitting for use in coupling pipe or tubing, comprising:

• a unitary body, said unitary body comprising a length, a distal end, a proximal end, an outer surface, and a lumen;
• wherein said outer surface extends around said length of said unitary body between said proximal end and said distal end;
• wherein said lumen extends within said unitary body in a distal direction from said proximal end of said unitary body, said lumen generally defining a cylindrical void within said unitary body, wherein a portion of said lumen comprises threads configured to receive a threaded female sub end of a pipe or tube;
• wherein said unitary body further comprises at least one aperture, said at least one aperture having an aperture wall that extends from an opening at said outer surface of said unitary body and ends at a location within said unitary body, so as to form an aperture depth and enclose said at least one aperture within said unitary body;
• wherein said outer surface includes at least one lower topographical portion, said at least one lower topographical portion located adjacent to said aperture wall so as to define an aperture wall thickness at said opening;
• wherein said at least one aperture is configured to receive a tool for rotating said fitting around an axis that extends from said proximal end to said distal end so as to permit the tightening and loosening of said fitting to a threaded female sub end of a pipe or tube;
• wherein said at least one aperture comprises eight apertures, each having its own opening at said outer surface of said unitary body;
• and
• wherein said at least one lower topographical portion comprises sixteen lower topographical portions that form a ridge that extends circumferentially around said unitary body, wherein said ridge contacts each of said aperture openings.