Dipole antenna array elements for multi-port base station antenna

A dipole antenna comprising:

• a pair of arms extending outwardly from a center and spaced apart from a ground plane, said pair of arms having a combined length ranging from 0.251 to 0.51;
• another pair of arms also extending outwardly from said center and spaced apart from said ground plane;
• wherein each pair of arms has a combined length ranging from 0.25λ to 0.5λ, wherein each pair of arms has a combined length of approximately 0.28λ and said antenna has a height of approximately 0.15λ;
• wherein said dipole antenna has a height ranging from 0.15λ to 0.25λ as measured from said ground plane;
• λ, being equal to a wavelength of a lowest frequency of a signal to be used with said dipole antenna, further comprising at least one continuous strip of conductive material enclosing an area adjacent said pairs of arms, said at least one continuous strip being spaced apart from and physically unconnected with said pairs of arms, said at least continuous one strip being for modifying an overall impedance of said dipole antenna, and wherein said at least one continuous strip conforms to a cross-sectional perimeter around said pairs of arms.

A dipole antenna comprising:

• a pair of arms extending outwardly from a center and spaced apart from a ground plane, said pair of arms having a combined length ranging from 0.25λ to 0.5λ;
• another pair of arms also extending outwardly from said center and spaced apart from said ground plane;
• wherein each pair of arms has a combined length ranging from 0.25λ to 0.5λ, wherein each pair of arms has a combined length of approximately 0.28λ and said antenna has a height of approximately 0.15λ;
• wherein said dipole antenna has a height ranging from 0.15λ to 0.25λ as measured from said ground plane;
• A, being equal to a wavelength of a lowest frequency of a signal to be used with said dipole antenna, further comprising at least one continuous strip of conductive material enclosing an area adjacent said pairs of arms, said at least one continuous strip being spaced apart from and physically unconnected with said pairs of arms, said at least one continuous strip being for modifying an overall impedance of said dipole antenna, wherein said at least one continuous strip defines a specific shape adjacent said arms, said shape being one of:
• a circle;
• a square;
• a rectangle;
• and a cross, and where the dipole antenna further comprising a patch component for modifying an impedance of said dipole antenna.