Cleaning device for removing a developer, process cartridge and image forming apparatus

A process cartridge, comprising:

• an image bearing member capable of rotating and bearing a developer image formed of a developer;
• a cleaning frame;
• a cleaning member having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that is a free end, the cleaning member coming into contact with the image bearing member so as to remove the developer remaining on the image bearing member after transfer of the developer image from the image bearing member;
• and
• a sheet member having flexibility and having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that comes into contact with the image bearing member at an upstream side of a contact position between the cleaning member and the image bearing member in a rotation direction of the image bearing member;
• wherein a work function W (D) of the developer and a work function W (S) of the sheet member satisfy Expression (A) below and the developer has inorganic particles, in which at least one kind of the inorganic particles has an average primary particle diameter of 50 nm or larger,
• 0≤W(D)−W(S)≤0.23 (A).

An image forming apparatus, comprising:

• an image bearing member capable of rotating and bearing a developer image formed of a developer;
• a transfer member configured to transfer the developer image borne on the image bearing member to a transferring material;
• a cleaning frame;
• a cleaning member having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that is a free end and coming into contact with the image bearing member so as to remove the developer remaining on the image bearing member after transfer of the developer image from the image bearing member;
• and
• a sheet member having flexibility, and having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that comes into contact with the image bearing member at an upstream side of a contact position between the cleaning member and the image bearing member in a rotation direction of the image bearing member;
• wherein a work function W (D) of the developer and a work function W (S) of the sheet member satisfy Expression (A) below and the developer has inorganic particles, in which at least one kind of the inorganic particle has an average primary particle diameter of 50 nm or larger,
• 0≤W(D)−W(S)≤0.23 (A),

A cleaning device, comprising:

• a cleaning frame;
• a cleaning member having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that is a free end, the cleaning member coming into contact with an image bearing member so as to remove developer remaining on the image bearing member after transfer of a developer image from the image bearing member, the image bearing member being capable of rotating and bearing the developer image formed of the developer;
• a charging member, which is attached to the cleaning frame and which charges the image bearing member;
• and
• a sheet member having flexibility and having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that comes into contact with the image bearing member at an upstream side of a contact position between the cleaning member and the image bearing member in a rotation direction of the image bearing member;
• wherein an AC voltage is applicable to the charging member;
• and
• a work function W (D) of the developer and a work function W (S) of the sheet member satisfy Expression (A) below,
• W(D)−W(S)≤0.23 (A).

A cartridge attachable to and detachable from a main body of an image forming apparatus, the cartridge comprising:

• an image bearing member capable of rotating and bearing a developer image formed of a developer;
• a cleaning frame;
• a cleaning member having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that is a free end, the cleaning member coming into contact with the image bearing member so as to remove the developer remaining on the image bearing member after transfer of the developer image from the image bearing member;
• a charging member attached to the cleaning frame and which charges the image bearing member;
• and
• a sheet member having flexibility and having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that comes into contact with the image bearing member at an upstream side of a contact position between the cleaning member and the image bearing member in the rotation direction of the image bearing member;
• wherein an AC voltage is applicable to the charging member;
• and
• a work function W (D) of the developer and a work function W (S) of the sheet member satisfy Expression (A) below,
• 0≤W(D)−W(S)≤0.23 (A).

An image forming apparatus, comprising:

• an image bearing member capable of rotating and bearing a developer image formed of a developer;
• a transfer member that transfers the developer image borne on the image bearing member to a transferring material;
• a cleaning frame;
• a cleaning member having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that is a free end, the cleaning member coming into contact with the image bearing member so as to remove the developer remaining on the image bearing member after transfer of the developer image from the image bearing member;
• a charging member attached to the cleaning frame and which charges the image bearing member;
• and
• a sheet member having flexibility and having one end attached to the cleaning frame and the other end that comes into contact with the image bearing member at an upstream side of a contact position between the cleaning member and the image bearing member in a rotation direction of the image bearing member;
• wherein an AC voltage is applicable to the charging member;
• and
• a work function W (D) of the developer and a work function W (S) of the sheet member satisfy Expression (A) below,
• 0≤W(D)−W(S)≤0.23 (A)