Nanostructured carriers for guided and targeted on-demand substance delivery

A method to fabricate a carrier structure, comprising:

• forming a template by attaching a plurality of mask particles on a core particle, the mask particles forming masked regions on the exterior surface of the core particle where they attach;
• attaching nanoparticles to unmasked surface of the template, wherein the mask particles prevent the nanoparticles to attach to the masked regions of the exterior surface;
• producing a shell structure over the unmasked surface of the template by forming a coating over the unmasked surface by material growth of the attached nanoparticles;
• prior to removing the masking particles from the template, forming an outer layer around the shell structure to produce a bi-layered shell structure;
• and
• producing a porous carrier structure by removing the mask particles from the template, wherein the removed mask particles form openings extending between an external surface of the bi-layered shell structure and the exterior surface of the core particle.