Bio-nano emulsion fuel

A method for synthesizing a bio-nano emulsion fuel composition, the method comprising:

• forming a water-in-fossil fuel emulsion by dispersing water into a fossil fuel in the presence of a surfactant;
• synthesizing carbon quantum dots with an average diameter between 0.5 nanometers and 20 nanometers, synthesizing carbon quantum dots comprising:
• forming a precursor suspension by dissolving a carbon precursor in water, the carbon precursor one of graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, fullerene, carbon nano-fibers, active carbon, soot, organic acids, and combinations thereof;
• and
• forming carbon quantum dots by heating the precursor suspension at a temperature between 160° C. and 220° C.;
• carbonizing the carbon quantum dots at a temperature of at least 700° C. under an inert gas atmosphere;
• activating the carbonized carbon quantum dots by mixing the carbonized carbon quantum dots with an alkali metal hydroxide solution;
• and
• functionalizing the activated carbon quantum dots by passing nitric acid vapor with a temperature between 100° C. and 150° C. through a heated bed of the activated carbon quantum dots, the heated bed being heated at a temperature between 125° C. and 250° C.;
• forming a mixture of the synthesized carbon quantum dots and the water-in-fossil fuel emulsion by dispersing the synthesized carbon quantum dots into the water-in-fossil fuel emulsion, the carbon quantum dots comprising 1 ppm to 100 ppm of the mixture;
• and
• forming a bio-nano emulsion fuel composition by mixing a biofuel into the mixture of carbon quantum dots and the water-in-fossil fuel emulsion.