Hydraulic cylinder with end position damping

A shovel excavator, comprising:

• a hydraulic cylinder, said hydraulic cylinder comprising a cylinder having an axially spaced-apart first bore directly connected to a first outlet line and a second bore directly connected to a second outlet line, a piston having a piston rod and arranged in the cylinder for movement between two end positions and dividing the cylinder into a piston side and a piston-rod side, a hydraulic pump pumping hydraulic oil via an inlet line into the piston side at a preset pressure to move the piston from one of the end positions in a direction toward the other one of the end positions while hydraulic fluid is discharged from the piston-rod side via the first bore and the first outlet one, and a mechanical throttling device including a pressure relief valve and a non-return valve, said mechanical throttling device operably connected to the cylinder to throttle a flow of the hydraulic fluid as the piston moves past and seals the first bore so that hydraulic fluid is discharged via the second bore, thereby reducing a delivery amount of the hydraulic oil and thereby braking and damping a movement of the piston toward the other one of the end positions, wherein the pressure relief valve and the non-return valve are arranged on the second outlet line, wherein the piston includes a piston skirt to close the first bore during movement of the piston to one of the end positions, and a piston head to close access to the second bore during movement of the piston to the other one of the end positions in front of the second bore;
• a guide arranged at the piston-rod side for guiding the piston,
• wherein the first bore is guided radially outwardly of the cylinder in a region of the piston-rod side;
• a connection formed as a blind hole in the guide so as to extend parallel to the piston rod and is laterally connected to the second bore in the other of the end positions,
• wherein the second bore is guided radially outwardly of the cylinder in a region of the piston side via the connection formed as the blind hole,
• wherein the blind hole is closeable by the piston head in the other end position of the piston,
• wherein the piston skirt has an outer circular cylindrical surface with which the piston skirt doses the first bore during movement of the piston to the one end position, and
• wherein the piston head has a flat circular axial end surface with which the piston head closes the blind hole during movement of the piston to the other end position.