Magnesium oxide powder having a coating layer consisting essentially of basic magnesium carbonate in a surface layer, when the amounts of substances of water vapor and carbon dioxide among a gas generated by thermal decomposition at 50 to 500° C. are respectively designated as m-H2O and m-CO2, in a heating evolved gas analysis of EGA-MS method, the molar fraction represented by m-CO2/(m-H2O+m-CO2) being within the range of 0.3 to 0.6, and the basic magnesium carbonate is represented by formula m-MgCO3—Mg(OH)2-nH2O in which m is an integer of 3 to 5, and n is an integer of 3 to 8.