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US 10,500,544 B2Granted
Advancements in osmotically driven membrane systems including multi-stage purification
AssigneePorifera, Inc.
InventorsCharles Benton, Olgica Bakajin, Carl Lundin
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An example water purification system for purifying high concentration feed solutions includes a high rejection forward osmosis module, one or more low rejection modules, and a high rejection reverse osmosis module. The low rejection modules may have different rejection levels. The system may be pressurized by one or more pumps. One or more of the low rejection modules may include one or more nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The draw solution may comprise a monovalent salt, a multivalent salt, or a combination of both.
Claims16
An apparatus, comprising:
- a forward osmosis module configured to receive a feed stream and a high concentration draw stream, wherein the forward osmosis module is further configured to produce a first stream comprising water from the feed stream and the high concentration draw stream via forward osmosis;
- a pump configured to pressurize the first stream;
- a low rejection membrane module configured to receive the pressurized first stream and to produce the high concentration draw stream and a low concentration stream via reverse osmosis, the low rejection membrane module having a low rejection membrane with a salt rejection rate of less than 90% at a first hydrostatic pressure;
- and
- a reverse osmosis module configured to receive at least a portion of the low concentration stream and to produce a product stream and a reverse osmosis reject stream, wherein the reverse osmosis module has a reverse osmosis membrane with a higher salt rejection than the low rejection membrane module at the first hydrostatic pressure;
- wherein the reverse osmosis reject stream is fluidly coupled to the high concentration draw stream prior to the forward osmosis module.
3 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.