Fast-acting power protection system incorporating discrete MOSFETs and control IC on hybrid substrates and method of operating thereof

A method of protecting an electrical device from a power surge, the method comprising the steps of:

• connecting an input terminal of a fast-acting power protector to an electrical source, wherein the fast-acting power protector incorporates a current-limiting block control unit as a universal control IC core chip mounted on a first hybrid substrate, an NMOS-based power switch unit mounted on a separate second hybrid substrate, and an output voltage clamp either integrated into the universal control IC core chip or connected to the universal control IC core chip as a separate unit, wherein the current-limiting block control unit and the NMOS-based power switch unit constitute a current limiting block;
• connecting an output terminal of the fast-acting power protector to the electrical device for power surge protection;
• determining whether an incoming electrical current multiplied by a sense resistor value (Rsense) is approximately equal to a surge protection trigger voltage (Vos) for a current trip;
• if the incoming electrical current multiplied by the sense resistor value (Rsense) is approximately equal to the surge protection trigger voltage (Vos) for the current trip:
• using at least one MOSFET and optionally at least one reverse-protection diode in the current limiting block to reduce or shut down the incoming electrical current as a current or voltage surge protection;
• and
• if a voltage coming out of the current limiting block is surging higher than a clamp output voltage of the output voltage clamp at the output terminal of the fast-acting power protector:
• holding down the voltage coming out of the current limiting block to the clamp output voltage at the output terminal to the clamp output voltage of the output voltage clamp as a voltage surge protection of the electrical device connected to the output terminal of the fast-acting power protector.