Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon:silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes

A method for fabricating an anode for a lithium ion battery, comprising:

• producing a volume change compensated silicon:silicon oxide:lithium composite (SSLC) material by:
• producing an initially prelithiated SSLC material;
• delithiating the initially prelithiated material to produce a delithiated SSLC material;
• and
• performing at least one iteration of a volume change compensation process comprising:
• (a) re-lithiating the delithiated SSLC material to produce a re-prelithiated SSLC material, and
• (b) delithiating the re-prelithiated SSLC material produced in (a);
• wherein at least one of the following is satisfied:
• (i) prior to performing the at least one iteration of the volume change compensation process the initially prelithiated SSLC material is completely lithiated, and
• (ii) at least one iteration of the volume change compensation process produces a re-prelithiated SSLC material that is completely prelithiated,
• wherein in a final iteration of the volume change compensation process, delithiating the re-prelithiated SSLC material produced in (a) comprises completely delithiating the re-prelithiated SSLC material to produce the volume change compensated SSLC material, and
• after producing the volume change compensated SSLC material, fabricating an anode structure containing the produced volume change compensated SSLC material.