Anode and method of manufacturing the same, and secondary battery

A secondary battery comprising:

• a cathode;
• an anode;
• and
• an electrolytic solution,
• wherein,
• the anode comprises an anode current collector and an anode active material layer on the anode current collector,
• the anode active material layer comprises anode active material particles layered on the current collector,
• the anode active material particles comprise (1) particles with at least one of silicon or tin, (2) a coat coating at least a portion of the anode active material particles, the coat consisting of lithium metaborate,
• the coat coats exposed outer surfaces of the anode active material particles such that the particles are coated with the coat down to roots thereof.