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US 10,312,066 B1Granted
Generation of digital waveforms with high resolution duty cycle
AssigneeWashington State University
InventorsPeter T. A. Reilly, Brian Herbert Clowers, Zachary Philip Gotlib, Nathan Michael Hoffman
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Systems and methods for generating digital waveforms with high-resolution duty cycles are disclosed. A smoothed sinusoidal waveform set to a voltage other than ground may be generated and/or received. A rectangular waveform may be generated based on the sinusoidal waveform using a comparator. The rectangular waveform may be utilized to adjust the duty cycle of a current applied to a mass analyzer to improve duty-cycle resolution of a mass analyzer of a mass spectrometer.
Claims20
A system, comprising:
- an input component;
- an ion source;
- a mass analyzer;
- an ion detector;
- one or more processors;
- and
- computer-readable media storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
- setting, utilizing a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a reference voltage value to be applied to a rectangular-waveform generator;
- generating a smoothed sinusoidal waveform to compare with the reference voltage value, the smoothed sinusoidal waveform configured to operate at frequencies for use by the mass analyzer to target analysis of a compound;
- determining, utilizing a comparator to compare voltages of the smoothed sinusoidal waveform with the reference voltage value, first voltages that are greater than the reference voltage value, second voltages that are less than the reference voltage value, and third voltages that are equal to the reference voltage value;
- generating, utilizing the rectangular-waveform generator, a first rectangular waveform with:
- first high values representing when the first voltages are greater than the reference voltage value;
- and
- first low values representing when the second voltages are less than the reference voltage value and the third voltages are equal to the reference voltage value;
- generating, utilizing the rectangular-waveform generator, a second rectangular waveform with:
- second high values representing when the second voltages are less than the reference voltage value and the third voltages are equal to the reference voltage value;
- and
- second low values representing when the first voltages are greater than the reference voltage value;
- generating a mass filter based at least on the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform as applied to the mass analyzer, the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform defined based at least in part on a resolution of the DAC, a maximum amplitude of the smoothed sinusoidal waveform, and a minimum change in voltage to alter output of the comparator, wherein a duty cycle resolution associated with the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform is down to at least 1.9×10−5, the mass filter is configured to filter ions associated with compounds with a molecular weight of about 1 gram/mol to about 1×109 grams/mol;
- and
- receiving data from the ion detector indicating detection of the ions passing through the mass analyzer.
18 more elements
A method, comprising:
- setting, utilizing a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a reference voltage value to be applied to a rectangular-waveform generator;
- receiving a periodic waveform to compare with the reference voltage value, the periodic waveform configured to operate at frequencies for use by a mass analyzer to target analysis of a compound;
- determining, utilizing a comparator to compare voltages associated with the periodic waveform to the reference voltage value, first voltages that are greater than the reference voltage value, second voltages that are less than the reference voltage value, and third voltages that are equal to the reference voltage value;
- generating, utilizing the rectangular-waveform generator, a first rectangular waveform with:
- first high values representing when the first voltages are greater than the reference voltage value;
- and
- first low values representing when the second voltages are less than the reference voltage value and the third voltages are equal to the reference voltage value;
- generating, utilizing the rectangular-waveform generator, a second rectangular waveform with:
- second high values representing when the second voltages are less than the reference voltage value and the third voltages are equal to the reference voltage value;
- and
- second low values representing when the first voltages are greater than the reference voltage value;
- generating a mass filter based at least on the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform as applied to the mass analyzer, the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform defined based at least in part on a resolution of the DAC, a maximum amplitude of the periodic waveform, and a minimum change in voltage to alter output of the comparator, wherein a duty cycle resolution associated with the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform is down to at least 1.9×10−5, the mass filter is configured to filter ions associated with compounds with a molecular weight of about 1 gram/mol to about 1×109 grams/mol;
- and
- receiving data from an ion detector indicating detection of the ions passing through the mass analyzer.
11 more elements
A system, comprising:
- one or more processors;
- and
- computer-readable media storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
- setting, utilizing a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a reference voltage value to be applied to a rectangular-waveform generator;
- receiving a periodic waveform to compare with the reference voltage value, the periodic waveform configured to operate at frequencies for use by a mass analyzer to target analysis of a compound;
- determining, utilizing a comparator to compare voltages associated with the periodic waveform to the reference voltage value, first voltages that are greater than the reference voltage value, second voltages that are less than the reference voltage value, and third voltages that are equal to the reference voltage value;
- generating, utilizing the rectangular-waveform generator, a first rectangular waveform with:
- first high values based at least in part on the first voltages being greater than the reference voltage value;
- and
- first low values based at least in part on the second voltages being less than the reference voltage value and the third voltages being equal to the reference voltage value;
- generating, utilizing the rectangular-waveform generator, a second rectangular waveform with:
- second high values based at least in part on the second voltages being less than the reference voltage value and the third voltages being equal to the reference voltage value;
- and
- second low values based at least in part on the first voltages being greater than the reference voltage value;
- generating a mass filter based at least on the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform as applied to the mass analyzer, the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform defined based at least in part on a resolution of the DAC, a maximum amplitude of the periodic waveform, and a minimum change in voltage to alter output of the comparator, wherein a duty cycle resolution associated with the first rectangular waveform and the second rectangular waveform is down to at least 1.9×10−5, the mass filter is configured to filter ions associated with compounds with a molecular weight of about 1 gram/mol to about 1×109 grams/mol;
- and
- receiving data from an ion detector indicating detection of the ions passing through the mass analyzer.
14 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.