Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

An internal combustion engine system comprising:

• a first cylinder assembly comprising:
• a first cylinder having a first cylinder displacement;
• a first intake valve system comprising:
• a first intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the first cylinder from a first intake port;
• and
• a second intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the first cylinder from a second intake port;
• a first exhaust valve system comprising one or more first cylinder exhaust valves controlling discharge of exhaust gas from the first cylinder to one or more first cylinder exhaust ports;
• a first induction system comprising a first throttle mechanism affixed in close proximity to the first intake valve system, the first throttle mechanism comprising:
• a first throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the first cylinder through the first intake port, wherein the first throttle and the first intake valve define a first throttle-to-intake volume in a first intake channel;
• and
• a second throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the first cylinder through the second intake port, wherein the second throttle and the second intake valve define a second throttle-to-intake volume in a second intake channel;
• wherein the sum of the first throttle-to-intake volume plus the second throttle-to-intake volume is not more than 80% of the first cylinder displacement;
• and
• a first turbocharger comprising a first turbine inlet connected to the first exhaust valve system by a first exhaust channel;
• a second cylinder assembly comprising:
• a second cylinder having a second cylinder displacement;
• a second intake valve system comprising:
• a third intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the second cylinder from a third intake port;
• and
• a fourth intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the second cylinder from a fourth intake port;
• a second exhaust valve system comprising one or more second cylinder exhaust valves controlling discharge of exhaust gas from the second cylinder to one or more second cylinder exhaust ports;
• a second induction system comprising a second throttle mechanism affixed in close proximity to the second intake valve system, the second throttle mechanism comprising:
• a third throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the second cylinder through the third intake port, wherein the third throttle and the third intake valve define a third throttle-to-intake volume in a third intake channel;
• and
• a fourth throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the second cylinder through the fourth intake port, wherein the fourth throttle and the fourth intake valve define a fourth throttle-to-intake volume in a fourth intake channel;
• and
• wherein the sum of the third throttle-to-intake volume plus the fourth throttle-to-intake volume is less than or equal to 80% of the second cylinder displacement;
• and
• a second turbocharger comprising a second turbine inlet connected to the second exhaust valve system by a second exhaust channel;
• an idle air flow equalizing system comprising:
• a first equalizing passage connecting the first intake port downstream of the first throttle to the second intake port downstream of the second throttle;
• a second equalizing passage connecting the second intake port downstream of the second throttle to the third intake port downstream of the third throttle;
• a third equalizing passage connecting the third intake port downstream of the third throttle to the fourth intake port downstream of the fourth throttle;
• and
• a first equalizing port valve configured to control air flow through the second equalizing passage;
• and
• an exhaust gas balancing system comprising a first balancing passage connecting the first exhaust channel upstream of the first turbocharger turbine inlet to the second exhaust channel upstream of the second turbocharger turbine inlet.

An internal combustion engine system comprising a plurality of one-turbocharger-per-cylinder cylinder assemblies, the engine system comprising:

• a first cylinder assembly comprising:
• a first cylinder having a first cylinder displacement;
• a first intake valve system comprising:
• a first intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the first cylinder from a first intake port;
• and
• a second intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the first cylinder from a second intake port;
• a first exhaust valve system comprising one or more first cylinder exhaust valves controlling discharge of exhaust gas from the first cylinder to one or more first cylinder exhaust ports;
• a first induction system comprising a first throttle mechanism affixed in close proximity to the first intake valve system, the first throttle mechanism comprising:
• a first throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the first cylinder through the first intake port, wherein the first throttle and the first intake valve define a first throttle-to-intake volume in a first intake channel;
• and
• a second throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the first cylinder through the second intake port, wherein the second throttle and the second intake valve define a second throttle-to-intake volume in a second intake channel;
• wherein the sum of the first throttle-to-intake volume plus the second throttle-to-intake volume is not more than 80% of the first cylinder displacement;
• and
• a first turbocharger comprising a first turbine inlet connected to the first exhaust valve system by a first exhaust channel;
• a second cylinder assembly comprising:
• a second cylinder having a second cylinder displacement;
• a second intake valve system comprising:
• a third intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the second cylinder from a third intake port;
• and
• a fourth intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the second cylinder from a fourth intake port;
• a second exhaust valve system comprising one or more second cylinder exhaust valves controlling discharge of exhaust gas from the second cylinder to one or more second cylinder exhaust ports;
• a second induction system comprising a second throttle mechanism affixed in close proximity to the second intake valve system, the second throttle mechanism comprising:
• a third throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the second cylinder through the third intake port, wherein the third throttle and the third intake valve define a third throttle-to-intake volume in a third intake channel;
• and
• a fourth throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the second cylinder through the fourth intake port, wherein the fourth throttle and the fourth intake valve define a fourth throttle-to-intake volume in a fourth intake channel;
• and
• wherein the sum of the third throttle-to-intake volume plus the fourth throttle-to-intake volume is less than or equal to 80% of the second cylinder displacement;
• and
• a second turbocharger comprising a second turbine inlet connected to the second exhaust valve system by a second exhaust channel;
• a third cylinder assembly comprising:
• a third cylinder having a third cylinder displacement;
• a third intake valve system comprising:
• a fifth intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the third cylinder from a fifth intake port;
• and
• a sixth intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the third cylinder from a sixth intake port;
• a third exhaust valve system comprising one or more third cylinder exhaust valves controlling discharge of exhaust gas from the third cylinder to one or more third cylinder exhaust ports;
• a third induction system comprising a third throttle mechanism affixed in close proximity to the third intake valve system, the third throttle mechanism comprising:
• a fifth throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the third cylinder through the fifth intake port, wherein the fifth throttle and the fifth intake valve define a fifth throttle-to-intake volume in a fifth intake channel;
• and
• a sixth throttle operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the third cylinder through the sixth intake port, wherein the sixth throttle and the sixth intake valve define a sixth throttle-to-intake volume in a sixth intake channel;
• and
• wherein the sum of the fifth throttle-to-intake volume plus the sixth throttle-to-intake volume is less than or equal to 80% of the third cylinder displacement;
• and
• a third turbocharger comprising a third turbine inlet connected to the third exhaust valve system by a third exhaust channel;
• an idle air flow equalizing system comprising:
• a first equalizing passage connecting the first intake port downstream of the first throttle to the second intake port downstream of the second throttle;
• a second equalizing passage connecting the second intake port downstream of the second throttle to the third intake port downstream of the third throttle;
• a third equalizing passage connecting the third intake port downstream of the third throttle to the fourth intake port downstream of the fourth throttle;
• a fourth equalizing passage connecting the fourth intake port downstream of the fourth throttle to the fifth intake port downstream of the fifth throttle;
• a fifth equalizing passage connecting the fifth intake port downstream of the fifth throttle to the sixth intake port downstream of the sixth throttle;
• and
• a first equalizing port valve configured to control air flow through the second equalizing passage;
• and
• a second equalizing port valve configured to control air flow through the fourth equalizing passage;
• and
• an exhaust gas balancing system comprising:
• a first balancing passage connecting the first exhaust channel upstream of the first turbocharger turbine inlet to the second exhaust channel upstream of the second turbocharger turbine inlet;
• a second balancing passage connecting the second exhaust port upstream of the second turbocharger turbine inlet to the third exhaust channel upstream of the third turbocharger turbine inlet;
• and
• a throttle control system comprising:
• a first linkage operationally connected to the first, third and fifth throttles;
• a first actuator configured to move the first linkage between a first open throttle position and a first closed throttle position;
• a second linkage operationally connected to the second, fifth and sixth throttles;
• a second actuator configured to move the second linkage between a second open throttle position and a second closed throttle position;
• an engine control system configured to move the first linkage to the first open throttle position when the engine system transitions from idle mode to acceleration and to move the second linkage to the second open throttle position when the engine reaches an operational threshold.