External standard reference system of type inserted into coil of human magnetic resonance imaging equipment

A system to evaluate performance of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the system comprising:

• an external standard reference structure comprising:
• an outer container having an opening and a plurality of holes surrounding the opening, the opening to receive a head of an object;
• and
• a plurality of inner containers insertable into the plurality of holes respectively, the inner containers capable of being filled with metabolites that are different from each other in at least a type or a concentration;
• and
• magnetic resonance imaging equipment into which the external standard reference structure is capable of being inserted to evaluate the performance of magnetic resonance spectroscopy using the external standard reference structure in association with a following mathematical expression,
• Cmb=Ccpλ(Smp/Scp)×(fT1cp/fT1mp)×(fT2cp/fT2mp)×(Ncp/Nmp), wherein
• Cmb denotes concentration of a human brain metabolite, Ccp denotes concentration of a metabolite, Smp denotes a peak area of a brain metabolite, Scp denotes a peak area in an inner container, fT1mp denotes T1 relaxation time of a brain metabolite, fT1cp denotes T1 relaxation time of a metabolite in an inner container, fT2mp denotes T2 relaxation time of a brain metabolite, fT2cp denotes T2 relaxation time of a metabolite in an inner container, Nmp denotes the number of transients acquired in a voxel for acquiring a brain metabolite, and Ncp denotes the number of transients acquired in each voxel in an inner container.