Processes for obtaining a polyol from palm oil, polyols obtained from the processes, products derived from such polyol and their method of preparation

A method for the production of polyol from palm oil, characterized by comprising the following steps:

• a. mixing a source of palm oil with formic acid in the presence of heat;
• b. adding hydrogen peroxide to the mixture of step a) and shake to obtain a reaction product of step b);
• c. washing the reaction product of step b) with water at a temperature between 55° C. and 65° C. to obtain a product of step c);
• d. washing the product obtained in the step c) with 5% sodium bicarbonate to obtain a product of reaction of step d);
• e. washing the product of reaction of step d) with water at a temperature between 55° C. and 65° C. to obtain a product of step e);
• f. washing the product obtained in step e) with 5% sodium chloride to obtain an aqueous phase and an organic phase;
• g. discarding the aqueous phase obtained in step f) to obtain an epoxidized oil;
• h. mixing the epoxidized oil obtained in step g) with glycerol and a catalyst, in the presence of heat and agitation, wherein the catalyst is sodium hydroxide;
• i. neutralizing the sodium hydroxide catalyst with drops of phosphoric acid to avoid the formation of soap;
• and
• j. obtaining the polyol resulting in a hydroxyl number between 400 and 440 mg KOH/g sample,
• wherein step h) has a reaction temperature that varies between 170° C. and 190° C. and has a time of reaction that varies between 40 and 50 minutes.