Water desalination system and method for fast cooling saline water using turbines

A system for desalination comprising:

• a feed source of saline water;
• a feed source of at least one refrigerant;
• a compressor, comprising an input fluidly coupled to the source of said at least one refrigerant and an output, and configured to generate a compressed vaporized refrigerant;
• a condenser comprising an input fluidly coupled to the compressor and an output, said condenser operatively configured to generate a chilled, partially liquefied refrigerant stream;
• at least one expansion device comprising at least one input fluidly coupled to the condenser and at least one output configured to release the chilled refrigerant stream at a refrigerant stream injection velocity;
• a freezing chamber comprising at least one input to introduce the chilled refrigerant stream into the chamber, and a first, second and third output,
• and at least one injector configured to introduce the saline water into the freezing chamber in the form of saline water droplets, wherein the at least one ejector introduces the saline water droplets into the freezing chamber at a slip injection velocity relative to the refrigerant stream injection velocity of about 10% to about 180%;
• and wherein direct contact in the chamber between the saline water droplets and the refrigerant stream forms ice particles comprising pure water, wherein the at least one expansion device is a two-stage turbo expander and the turbo expander is adapted to function as the freezing chamber.