Refraction technology system

A method of killing a pathogen, comprising the steps of:

• (a) providing an initial fluid having an initial oxidation reduction potential (ORP) value;
• (b) increasing the ORP of a portion of the initial fluid without introducing a chemical to yield a natural positive ORP fluid;
• and
• (c) contacting a pathogen with at least a portion of the natural positive ORP fluid, wherein step (b) comprises the substeps of:
• (i) splitting the initial fluid into a first portion and a second portion;
• (ii) flowing the first portion through a first chamber defined by a first electrode spaced from a porous divider to yield the positive ORP fluid;
• (iii) flowing the second portion through a second chamber defined by a second electrode spaced from the porous divider, the second electrode in electrical communication with the first electrode to yield a negative ORP fluid with a ORP value below the initial ORP value;
• and
• (iv) collecting the positive ORP fluid, wherein
• in step (i), the initial fluid is split via an end cap defining a first fluid inlet to the first chamber and a second fluid inlet to the second chamber, wherein the first fluid inlet is configured to allow a greater volume of fluid per unit time to the first chamber than the second fluid inlet allows to the second chamber, and
• an electrical charge is provided between the first electrode and second electrode during substeps (ii) and (iii).

An oxygen modification system, comprising:

• a first electrode defining a first flow surface;
• a second electrode spaced from the first electrode and defining a second flow surface;
• a porous divider positioned intermediate and spaced from each of the first and second electrodes, thereby defining a first flow chamber with the first electrode and a second flow chamber with the second electrode, the first flow chamber having a first chamber inlet and first chamber outlet and the second flow chamber having a second chamber inlet and a second chamber outlet;
• and
• an end cap defining a first fluid inlet to the first chamber and a second fluid inlet to the second chamber, wherein the first fluid inlet is configured to allow a greater volume of fluid per unit time to the first chamber than the second fluid inlet allows to the second chamber, wherein
• a positive electrical charge is applied to the first electrode and a negative electrical charge is applied to the second electrode and a fluid having an initial oxygen reduction potential (ORP) value flows through the first chamber and through the second chamber, yielding a positive oxygen modified fluid from the first chamber outlet having a first ORP value above the initial ORP value and a negative oxygen modified fluid from the second chamber outlet having a second ORP value below the initial ORP value.