High-resolution molecular sensor

A molecular sensor comprising:

• a solid state and electrically conducting sensing material including a sensing aperture extending through a thickness of the sensing material;
• a continuous, electrically conducting path extending in the sensing material around the sensing aperture, the continuous electrically conducting path in the sensing material extending from an electrically conducting source region at a first end of the electrically conducting sensing material to an electrically conducting drain region at a second end of the electrically conducting sensing material;
• a supply reservoir connected to provide a molecular species from the supply reservoir to an input port of the sensing aperture, the molecular species in the supply reservoir having a molecular length;
• a collection reservoir connected to collect the molecular species from an output port of the sensing aperture after translocation of the molecular species from the supply reservoir through the sensing aperture;
• the sensing aperture having a length between the input port and the output port, through the thickness of the sensing material, that is substantially no greater than a distance between adjacent bases in ssDNA;
• and
• an electrical connection to the continuous electrically conducting path in the sensing material through each of the electrically conducting source region and the electrical conducting drain region, to measure a change in an electrical characteristic of the sensing material during the molecular species translocation through the sensing aperture.