US 10,119,084 B2 · Associative polymers to control formation of particulate matter from ignitable compositions and related compositions, methods and systems

Abstract

Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling formation of particulate matter from a non-polar ignitable composition upon ignition of the non-polar ignitable composition, alone or in combination with control of a physical and/or chemical property of the non-polar compositions and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.

Claims39

Dependent claims

A non-polar ignitable composition comprising:

a host ignitable composition having a dielectric constant equal to or less than about 5, and
at least one framing associative polymer, substantially soluble in the host ignitable composition, wherein the at least one framing associative polymer is comprised in the host composition in a concentration between from about 0.01 c* to about 2c* wherein
c
*
=
3
⁢
M
W
4
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
g
2
)
3
/
2
⁢
N
a
,
in which Mw is the weight averaged molecular weight, Rg is the radius of gyration, and Na is Avogadro's constant,
wherein the concentration is suitable to reduce formation of particulate matter from the ignitable host composition upon ignition of the ignitable composition, alone or in combination with control of at least one rheological property of the host ignitable composition, and
wherein the at least one framing associative polymer comprises:
a linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone having at least two ends and a functional group presented at two or more ends of the at least two ends of the linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone;
wherein a number of the functional groups presented at the two or more ends is formed by associative functional groups each capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group in the non-polar composition with an association constant (k) wherein
k
⁡
(
M
-
1
)
≥
4
3
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
ℊ
2
)
3
2
⁢
N
a
n
F
×
10
-
23
in which Rg is the radius of gyration of the framing associative polymer in the non-polar composition in nanometers, Na is Avogadro's constant;
and nF is the average number of the associative functional groups in the framing associative polymer.

58 more elements

A method to control formation of particulate matter from a non-polar ignitable composition upon ignition of the non-polar ignitable composition, alone or in combination with one or more physical and/or chemical properties, the method comprising:

providing a host ignitable composition having a dielectric constant equal to or less than about 5;
providing at least one framing associative polymer substantially soluble in the host ignitable composition;
and
combining the host ignitable composition and the at least one framing associative polymer at a selected concentration c between from about 0.01 c* to 2.0 c*, depending on the weight averaged molecular weight and/or Radius of gyration of the at least one framing associative polymer and on the additional physical and/or chemical property to be optionally controlled, wherein
c
*
=
3
⁢
M
W
4
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
g
2
)
3
/
2
⁢
N
a
,
in which Mw is the weight averaged molecular weight, Rg is the radius of gyration, and Na is Avogadro's constant, wherein the at least one framing associative polymer comprises:
a linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone having at least two ends and a functional group presented at two or more ends of the at least two ends of the linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone;
wherein a number of the functional groups presented at the two or more ends is formed by associative functional groups each capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group in the non-polar composition with an association constant (k) wherein
k
⁡
(
M
-
1
)
≥
4
3
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
ℊ
2
)
3
2
⁢
N
a
n
F
×
10
-
23
in which Rg is the radius of gyration of the framing associative polymer in the non-polar composition in nanometers, Na is Avogadro's constant;
and nF is the average number of the associative functional groups in the framing associative polymer;
and
wherein the combining is performed at a concentration selected to reduce formation of particulate matter from the host ignitable composition upon ignition of the host ignitable composition.

60 more elements

A method to control formation of particulate matter from a non:

polar ignitable composition upon ignition of the non-polar ignitable composition in combination with control of resistance to flow and/or flow rate enhancement of the non-polar ignitable composition alone or in combination another physical and/or chemical property of the non-polar ignitable composition, the method comprising
providing a host ignitable composition having a dielectric constant equal to or less than about 5;
providing at least one framing associative polymer substantially soluble in the host ignitable composition, the at least one framing associative polymer having a weight averaged molecular weight equal to or higher to 200,000 g/mol;
and
combining the host ignitable composition and the at least one framing associative polymer at a concentration c selected between from about 0.01 c* to 1.0 c*, depending on the weight averaged molecular weight and/or Radius of gyration of the at least one framing associative polymer and on a physical and/or chemical property to be controlled, wherein
c
*
=
3
⁢
M
W
4
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
g
2
)
3
/
2
⁢
N
a
,
in which Mw is the weight averaged molecular weight, Rg is the radius of gyration, and Na is Avogadro's constant
wherein the at least one framing associative polymer comprises:
a linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone having at least two ends and a functional group presented at two or more ends of the at least two ends of the linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone;
wherein a number of the functional groups presented at the two or more ends is formed by associative functional groups each capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group in the non-polar composition with an
k
⁡
(
M
-
1
)
≥
4
3
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
ℊ
2
)
3
2
⁢
N
a
n
F
×
10
-
23
in which Rg is the radius of gyration of the framing associative polymer in the non-polar composition in nanometers, Na is Avogadro's constant;
and nF is the average number of the associative functional groups in the framing associative polymer;
and
wherein the combining is performed at a concentration selected to reduce formation of particulate matter from the host ignitable composition upon ignition of the host ignitable composition.

62 more elements

A method to control formation of particulate matter from a non-polar ignitable composition upon ignition of the non-polar ignitable composition in combination with control of sizes, and/or distribution of sizes, of the droplets of fluid in a non-polar ignitable composition alone or in combination with another physical and/or chemical property, the method comprising

providing a host ignitable composition having a dielectric constant equal to or less than about 5;
providing at least one framing associative polymer substantially soluble in the host ignitable composition, the at least one framing associative polymer having a weight averaged molecular weight equal to or higher to 400,000 g/mol;
and
combining the host ignitable composition and the at least one framing associative polymer at a concentration c selected between from about 0.05 c* to about 2.0 c*, depending on the weight averaged molecular weight and/or Radius of gyration of the at least one framing associative polymer and on a physical and/or chemical property to be controlled wherein
c
*
=
3
⁢
M
W
4
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
g
2
)
3
/
2
⁢
N
a
,
in which Mw is the weight averaged molecular weight, Rg is the radius of gyration, and Na is Avogadro's constant
wherein the at least one framing associative polymer:
a linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone having at least two ends and a functional group presented at two or more ends of the at least two ends of the linear, branched, or hyperbranched polymer backbone;
wherein a number of the functional groups presented at the two or more ends is formed by associative functional groups each capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group in the non-polar composition with an
k
⁡
(
M
-
1
)
≥
4
3
⁢
π
⁡
(
R
ℊ
2
)
3
2
⁢
N
a
n
F
×
10
-
23
in which Rg is the radius of gyration of the framing associative polymer in the non-polar composition in nanometers, Na is Avogadro's constant;
and nF is the average number of the associative functional groups in the framing associative polymer;
and
wherein the combining is performed at a concentration selected to reduce formation of particulate matter from the host ignitable composition upon ignition of the host ignitable composition.

61 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Associative polymers to control formation of particulate matter from ignitable compositions and related compositions, methods and systems

Life of this patent

Associative polymers to control formation of particulate matter from ignitable compositions and related compositions, methods and systems

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims39