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US 10,115,998 B2Granted
Cathode additives to provide an excess lithium source for lithium ion batteries
AssigneeSinode Systems, Inc.
InventorsCary Michael Hayner, Rachid Amine, Christine A. Frysz
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Abstract
A lithium ion electrochemical cell is described in which an electrode comprises a lithiation agent. The lithiation agent, which comprises a lithium constituent, is designed to provide an excess source of lithium to minimize capacity loss of the lithium ion electrochemical cell. The anode of the lithium ion cell comprises a material matrix comprising carbon, graphene and an active element such as silicon or tin.
Claims23
An electrochemical cell, comprising:
- a negative electrode comprising carbon, a negative electrode active material comprising silicon, and graphene;
- a positive electrode comprising LiNixCoyAlzO2, where x, y, and z are greater than 0 and x+y+z=1;
- an ionically conductive electrolyte located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
- and
- a lithiation agent located in at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the lithiation agent comprising LiN3 or Li5FeO4,
- wherein during operation of the electrochemical cell, lithium from the lithiation agent irreversibly reacts with the negative electrode active material to form a lithium compound in and/or on the negative electrode.
3 more elements
A negative electrode of an electrochemical cell, comprising a mixture of:
- a negative electrode active material selected from the group consisting of silicon, carbon, antimony, lead, tin, germanium, and combinations thereof;
- and
- a lithiation agent comprising LixMFx, where 0.1≤X≤3 and M is selected from the group consisting of iron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, vanadium, chromium and bismuth.
An electrochemical cell comprising:
- a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material;
- a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material comprising lithium;
- an ionically conductive electrolyte located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
- and
- a lithiation agent comprising LixMFx, where 0.1≤X≤3 and M is selected from the group consisting of iron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, vanadium, chromium, and bismuth disposed in at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode,
- wherein during operation of the electrochemical cell, lithium from the lithiation agent irreversibly reacts with the negative electrode active material to form a lithium compound in and/or on the negative electrode.
3 more elements
An electrochemical cell comprising:
- a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material;
- a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material comprising lithium;
- an ionically conductive electrolyte located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
- a lithiation agent, wherein the lithiation agent comprises:
- Li(3−x)MxN, where 0≤X≤0.8 and M is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, copper, and combinations thereof;
- or
- Li2−x−yZyQxN wherein 0.1≤x≤0.8, 0.1≤y≤1, Z is a Li vacancy and Q is selected from the group of elements consisting of Co, Ni, Cu, and combinations thereof;
- and
- wherein during operation of the electrochemical cell, lithium from the lithiation agent irreversibly reacts with the negative electrode active material to form a lithium compound in and/or on the negative electrode.
6 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.