1. An alkali metal extraction system, comprising: an anode; a cathode, wherein the anode is configured for oxidation and the cathode is configured for

1. A method of separating metal ions, comprising: contacting a liquid composition comprising a plurality of metal ions with an octadentate ligand

1. A method for harnessing targeted metal ions from brines, comprising: feeding a mixed, aqueous, brine stream comprising targeted metal ions and

1. A circuit configuration for a metal solvent extraction plant comprising: A) an extraction section for extracting metal ions from an aqueous leach

1. A continuous liquid-liquid extraction process of extracting heavy metal cations from an aqueous solution extraction feed containing said cations

liquor to a metal recovery section including a solvent extraction stage in which non-ferrous metal values are recovered by liquid-liquid extraction

electrochemically transferring at least a portion of the light metal ions through the membrane to the cathode side; and reducing the light metal ions

1. A method for the separation of metal ions from an aqueous feed, comprising the steps of: contacting a first side of a first hydrophilic membrane

protons and bicarbonate ions to the cathode

film rich in Ca(OH)2, using the colloidal liquid film to adsorb, precipitate and crystallize heavy metal ions in the heavy metal acidic wastewater to

solvent circulates, the corrosive ions being at least one kind selected from the group consisting of chloride ions, sulfate ions, and sulfite ions

second ions from a third solution to the first solution; providing an input of energy for the extraction; and after the extraction, causing a

comprising extraction of manganese ions and/or aluminum ions from the metal-containing solution into a solvent and, after the extraction, stripping of

transition metal oxide; (b) wherein said plate is impermeable to solvents; (c) wherein said plate is configured to preferentially select lithium ions

negative ions within the solvent to create an imbalance of ions and transform the solvent to a deionized solvent; and extracting the raw material with

1. A metal extractant that extracts metal ions present in a water phase to an oil phase, wherein the metal extractant has a structure represented by

a first side of the solid electrolyte, wherein the nitrogen reacts to form nitride ions; and transporting nitride ions across the solid electrolyte

following arrangements: 1) within the extraction vessel; 2) outside of the extraction vessel; 3) outside of the extraction vessel and between the

1. A dialysate-free continuous renal replacement system, comprising: a blood filtration stage comprising a blood filtration membrane configured to

least a portion of the permeate stream into the extraction column, wherein the permeate stream facilitates extraction of the aromatic hydrocarbons

provided by extraction of said copper values from said aqueous feedstock and wherein contact between the aqueous feedstock and the organic phase is