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US 9,963,651 B1Granted
High density cyclic fuels derived from linear sesquiterpenes
AssigneeThe United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
InventorBenjamin G Harvey
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A method to generate cyclic hydrocarbons from farnesene to increase both the density and net heat of combustion of the product fuels.
Claims14
A method for making a blended fuel comprising a hydrogenated Diels-Alder cycloaddition adduct, comprising
- providing a feedstock comprising a linear sesquiterpene;
- producing a first mixture by metathesizing said feedstock from about 1 hour to about 24 hours using a metathesis catalyst at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 150° C. under an inert-gas atmosphere, wherein said metathesizing yields methylcyclopentadiene (MCPD) and at least one branched-chain hydrocarbon;
- producing a second mixture by reacting said first mixture from about 0.3 hours to about 24 hours using a first acidic catalyst at a temperature of from about 15° C. to about 350° C., wherein said reacting yields at least one Diels-Alder cyclo-addition adduct;
- producing a third mixture by removing from said second mixture said first acidic catalyst;
- producing a fourth mixture by hydrogenating said third mixture from about 1 hour to about 24 hours with hydrogen gas at pressures ranging from about 1 atm to about 100 atm using a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 250° C. yielding a hydrogenated C9 hydrocarbon and at least one hydrogenated Diels-Alder cyclo-addition adduct, and distilling the hydrogenated C9 hydrocarbon and the at least one hydrogenated Diels-Alder cyclo-addition adduct to isolate the at least one hydrogenated Diels-Alder cycloaddition adduct, wherein said fourth mixture comprises the hydrogenated C9 hydrocarbon
- producing a fifth mixture by isomerizing said fourth mixture from about 0.3 hours to about 48 hours using a second acidic catalyst at temperatures ranging from about 15° C. to about 350° C. under an inert-gas atmosphere, wherein said isomerizing yields at least one alkyl-adamantane;
- and
- blending the at least one hydrogenated Diels-Alder cycloaddition adduct with a petroleum-based fuel to produce said blended fuel comprising a hydrogenated Diels-Alder cycloaddition adduct.
5 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.