Doped nickelate compounds
AssigneeFaradion Limited
InventorsJeremy Barker, Richard Heap
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The invention relates to novel electrodes containing one or more active materials comprising: AaM1vM2wM3xM4YM5zO2−C(Formula 1) wherein A comprises either sodium or a mixed alkali metal in which sodium is the constituent; M1 is nickel in oxidation state less than or equal to 4+, M2 comprises a metal in oxidation state less than or equal to 4+, M3 comprises a metal in oxidation state 2+, M4 comprises a metal in oxidation state less than or equal to 4+, and M5 comprises a metal in oxidation state 3+ wherein 0≦a≦1 v>0 at least one of w and y is >0 x≧0 z≧0 c>0.1 where (a, v, w, x, y, z and c) are chosen to maintain electroneutrality. Such materials are useful, for example, as electrode materials in sodium-ion battery applications. AaM1VM2WM3XM4YM5ZO2−c (Formula 1)
Claims23
A compound comprising:
- AaM1VM2WM3XM4yM5ZO2−c (Formula 1)
- wherein
- A comprises sodium;
- M1 is nickel in oxidation state greater than 0 to less than or equal to 4+,
- M2 comprises a metal in oxidation state greater than 0 to less than or equal to 4+,
- M3 comprises a metal in oxidation state 2+,
- M4 comprises a metal in oxidation state greater than 0 to less than or equal to 4+, and
- M5 comprises a metal in oxidation state 3+
- wherein
- 0≦a≦1
- v>0
- at least one of w and y is >0
- wherein one of x and z is ≧0, and the other of x and z is >0;
- c>0.1
- where (a, v, w, x, y, z and c) are chosen to maintain electroneutrality.
A compound comprising:
- AaM1VM2WM3XM4yM5ZO2−c (Formula 1)
- wherein
- A comprises sodium;
- M1 is nickel is oxidation state equal to 4+,
- M2 comprises a metal in oxidation state equal to 4+,
- M3 comprises a metal in oxidation state 2+,
- M4 comprises a metal in oxidation state equal to 4+, and
- M5 comprises a metal in oxidation state 3+
- wherein
- a=0
- v>0
- at least one of w and y is >0
- wherein one of x and z is ≧0, and the other x and z is >0;
- 0.1<c≦0.5
- where (a, v, w, x, y, z, and c) are choses to maintain electroneutrality.
A method of producing a compound of:
- AaM1VM2WM3XM4yM5ZO2−c (Formula 1)
- comprising the step of charging an electrochemical cell containing one or more active cathode materials of Formula 2 beyond the conventional theoretical specific capacity as determined by the Ni2+/Ni4+ redox couple;
- wherein Formula 2 is defined as:
- A′a′M1′v′M2′w′M3′x′M4′y′M5′z′O2 (Formula 2)
- wherein
- A′ comprises sodium;
- M1′ is nickel in oxidation state 2+,
- M2′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 4+,
- M3′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 2+,
- M4′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 4+, and
- M5′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 3+
- 1≦a′<2;
- 0<v′<0.5;
- 0<w′≦0.5;
- 0≦x′<0.5;
- 0≦y′<0.5;
- z′≧0;
- wherein on of x and z is ≧0, and the other of x and z is >0;
- and wherein v′, w′, x′, y′ and z′ are all chosen to maintain electroneutrality.
A method of producing a compound of:
- AaM1VM2WM3XM4yM5ZO2−c (Formula 1)
- comprising the step of causing a net loss of Na2O from one or more active cathode materials of Formula 2;
- wherein Formula 2 is defined as:
- A′a′M1′v′M2′w′M3′x′M4′y′M5′z′O2 (Formula 2)
- wherein
- A′ comprises sodium;
- M1′ is nickel in oxidation state 2+,
- M2′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 4+,
- M3′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 2+,
- M4′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 4+, and
- M5′ comprises a metal in oxidation state 3+
- 1≦a′<2;
- 0<v′<0.5;
- 0<w′≦0.5;
- 0≦x′<0.5;
- 0≦y′<0.5;
- z′≧0;
- wherein one of x and z is ≧0, and the other of x and z is >0;
- and wherein v′, w′, x′, y′ and z′ are all chosen to maintain electroneutrality.
A method of making an oxygen deficient oxide-containing cathode compound for use in a Na-ion cell comprising:
- a) forming an electrochemical cell comprising an oxide-containing cathode compound;
- b) charging the oxide-containing cathode compound in said electrochemical cell to cause the loss of oxygen from the oxide-containing cathode compound and thereby form the oxygen deficient oxide-containing cathode compound.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.