# US 9,882,704 B2 · Method and apparatus to add new system functions to deployed network element using smart transceivers

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- Number: US 9,882,704 B2
- Document ID: US9882704B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/874,266
- Filed: 2015-10-02
- Published: 2017-04-06
- Granted: 2018-01-30
- Earliest claimed: 2015-10-02
- Assignees: Oe Solutions Co., Ltd.; AimValley B.V.
- Applicants: OE Solutions Co. Ltd.; AimValley B.V.
- Inventors: Willem van den Bosch
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9882704B2

## CPC

- H04L 45/02: Topology update or discovery
- H04J 3/0667: {Bidirectional timestamps, e.g. NTP or PTP for compensation of clock drift and for compensation of propagation delays (arrangements for monitoring round trip delays in packet switching networks H04L43/0864)}
- H04L 7/0016: {correction of synchronization errors}
- H04L 41/082: the condition being updates or upgrades of network functionality
- H04L 41/34: Signalling channels for network management communication
- H04L 43/0811: by checking connectivity
- H04L 43/106: using time related information in packets, e.g. by adding timestamps
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04J: MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION (transmission in general H04B; peculiar to transmission of digital information H04L5/00; systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal H04N7/08; in exchanges H04Q11/00; stereophonic systems H04S)

## Abstract

Disclosed are apparatuses and methods in data communications for adding new system functions to an existing network element without having to provide software or hardware updates to the existing network element. For example, an apparatus for data communication is configured to include a switching unit, a plurality of interfaces coupled to the switching unit, and a plurality of smart transceivers. The plurality of smart transceivers each comprises a discovery unit and a new system function unit. The discovery unit is configured to discover other smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces and the new system function unit is configured to add one or more new functionalities to the apparatus without adding software or hardware updates to the apparatus.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for data communication, comprising:
a switching unit;
a plurality of interfaces coupled to the switching unit; and
a plurality of smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces,
wherein each of the plurality of smart transceivers comprises a discovery unit and a new system function unit, the discovery unit being configured to discover other smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces, and the new system function unit being configured to add one or more new functionalities to the apparatus;
wherein the discovery unit is further configured to:
transmit a multi-cast discovery message including a destination medium access control (MAC) address and an operating state of the smart transceiver originating the multi-cast discovery message; and
receive, in response to the multi-cast discovery message, a unicast reply message from each smart transceiver coupled to the plurality of interfaces, the unicast reply message being configured to include a source MAC address and an operating state of the smart transceiver replying to the multi-cast discovery message.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a virtual connection established among the plurality of smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces, and configured to provide one or more communication paths among the plurality of smart transceivers.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the virtual connection comprises at least one of: an Ethernet virtual connection (EVC), a virtual local area network (VLAN), a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) tunnel or an Ethernet connection.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the switching unit is further configured to have a single frequency that transmits all physical layer signals, the switching unit being without capability of supporting Sync-E or IEEE1588.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the switching unit is further configured to provide, via the plurality of smart transceivers, Sync-E functionality among the plurality of smart transceivers coupled to the switching unit that does not include capability of supporting Sync-E functionality.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the smart transceivers comprises an optical transceiver including at least one selected from a group consisting of: a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a micro-controller, and a microprocessor.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The apparatus of claim 6, wherein each of the smart transceivers comprises at least one of: a smart small form-factor pluggable (SFP) module, SFP+ module, XFP module, X2 module, or XENPAK module.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-cast discovery message further includes up time information of a smart transceiver originating the multi-cast discovery message.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the discovery unit is further configured to build a database of information regarding the smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the discovery unit is further configured to determine a master unit among the discovered smart transceivers based on a plurality of MAC addresses of the discovered smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the new system function unit is configured to establish local time-of-day (ToD) synchronization among the plurality of smart transceivers or add Synchronous Ethernet (Sync-E) to the switching unit that does not support Sync-E.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the new system function unit is further configured to transmit a ToD synchronization message as an initiating smart transceiver, and in response to the ToD synchronization message, receive a reply message including one or more timestamps from one or more other smart transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more timestamps comprise a first transmit timestamp at the initiating smart transceiver, a second receive timestamp at a master smart transceiver, a third transmit timestamp at the master smart transceiver, and a fourth receive timestamp at the initiating smart transceiver.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the new system function unit is further configured to transmit a plurality of ToD synchronization messages per second.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the switching device comprises a network switch or a router.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the new system function unit is further configured to add a new system function that is to be implemented via sharing of information among the plurality of smart transceivers, and wherein the switching unit is not capable of supporting or implementing the new system function by itself.

### Claim 17

An optical transceiver usable in a switching device for data communication with other optical transceivers coupled to the switching device, the optical transceiver comprising:
a transmitter optical subassembly for receiving an electrical signal and converting the received electrical signal into an optical signal;
a receiver optical subassembly for receiving an optical signal and converting the received optical signal into an electrical signal; and
logic configured to:
perform monitoring and control functions of the transmitter optical subassembly and the receiver optical subassembly;
discover the other optical transceivers coupled to a plurality of interfaces of the switching device, based on an exchange of discovery protocol messages; and
add a new functionality to the switching device based on one or more messages between the optical transceiver and the other optical transceivers;
wherein the discovery protocol messages include:
a multi-cast discovery message including a destination medium access control (MAC) address and an operating state of the smart transceiver originating the multi-cast discovery message from the optical transceiver to the other optical transceivers coupled to the plurality of interfaces of the switching device; and
a unicast reply message, responsive to the multi-cast discovery message, from the other optical transceivers to the optical transceiver, the unicast reply message being configured to include a source MAC address and an operating state of an optical transceiver replying to the multi-cast discovery message.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The optical transceiver of claim 17, wherein the optical transceiver comprises at least one of: a smart small form-factor pluggable (SFP) module, SFP+ module, XFP module, X2 module, or XENPAK module.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The optical transceiver of claim 17, wherein the logic comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of: a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a microcontroller, and a microprocessor.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The optical transceiver of claim 17, wherein the new functionality comprises local time-of-day (ToD) synchronization or Synchronous Ethernet (Sync-E), and wherein the switching device does not support the local ToD synchronization and Sync-E.

### Claim 21 (depends on 17)

The optical transceiver of claim 17, wherein the new functionality comprises a new system function that is to be implemented via sharing of information among the plurality of smart transceivers, and wherein the switching device is not capable of supporting or implementing the new system function by itself.

### Claim 22 (depends on 17)

The optical transceiver of claim 17, wherein the logic is further configured to build a database of information regarding the optical transceivers coupled to a plurality of interfaces of the switching device.

### Claim 23 (depends on 17)

The optical transceiver of claim 17, wherein the discovery protocol messages are exchanged via a virtual connection including an Ethernet virtual connection (EVC), a virtual local area network (VLAN), a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) tunnel or an Ethernet connection, established between the optical transceiver and the other optical transceivers coupled to the switching device.