# US 9,882,411 B2 · Lithium-ion battery and charge/discharge control method

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- Number: US 9,882,411 B2
- Document ID: US9882411B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/190,161
- Filed: 2016-06-22
- Published: 2016-10-06
- Granted: 2018-01-30
- Earliest claimed: 2014-08-08
- Assignees: Minwa Energy Lithium Battery Technology Co. Limited
- Applicants: Minwa Energy Lithium Battery Technology Co. Limited
- Inventors: Hak Wah Lau
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9882411B2

## CPC

- H01M 10/4257: {Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries}
- H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators
- H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
- H01M 10/44: Methods for charging or discharging (circuits for charging H02J7/00)
- H01M 10/46: Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus (circuits for charging H02J7/00)
- H02J 7/963: {in response to battery voltage gradient}
- H01M 50/56: Cup shaped terminals
- H01M 2010/4271: {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing}
- H02J 7/61: against overcharge
- H02J 7/63: against overdischarge
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A lithium-ion battery includes a lithium-ion cell, a positive electrode terminal, a positive/negative electrode insulation sheet, a connector and a housing used as a negative electrode. The lithium-ion cell is arranged in the housing, the connector is arranged between the lithium-ion cell and the housing. The positive electrode terminal is installed on one end of the lithium ion cell. A circuit board is arranged between the battery positive/negative electrode and the lithium-ion cell. A voltage/current control and overcharge/over-discharge protection circuit is integrated on the circuit board. The voltage/current control and overcharge/over-discharge protection circuit can adjust the voltage of the lithium-ion battery to be a voltage of 1.5V/1.2V. The shape and size of the housing can be designed to be any shapes to replace traditional dry batteries according to requirements. The lithium-ion battery can be designed to be using the same port to do the discharging and charging work.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A lithium-ion battery comprising a lithium-ion cell, a positive electrode terminal, a positive/negative electrode insulation sheet, a connector and a housing;
wherein the connector is a Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) insulation circuit board or a metal nickel belt attached insulation papers on the surface, the housing is a negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion cell is arranged in the housing, the connector is arranged between the lithium-ion cell and the housing to connect electrodes in the lithium-ion cell, the positive electrode terminal is installed on one end of the lithium-ion cell, the positive electrode terminal and the housing are isolated and packaged by the positive/negative electrode insulation sheet, a circuit board is integrated between the lithium-ion cell and the positive electrode terminal, a voltage/current control and overcharge/over-discharge protection circuit is integrated on the circuit board, positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery are coupled to the lithium-ion cell through the voltage/current control and overcharge/over-discharge protection circuit.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the voltage/current control and overcharge/over-discharge protection circuit comprises a PWM voltage stabilization control unit, a charging detection unit and a charging and voltage stabilization control unit, the PWM voltage stabilization control unit, the charging detection unit and the charging and voltage stabilization control unit are coupled to each other through circuits in the circuit board.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the PWM voltage stabilization control unit comprises a PWM chip, a MOSFET, an energy-storage inductor, a diode, a first capacitor and a sampling circuit consisted of resistors;
wherein a PWM control pin of the PWM chip is coupled to the MOSFET, the MOSFET is coupled to a first terminal of the energy-storage inductor, a second terminal of the energy-storage inductor is coupled to the sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is coupled to a feedback pin of the PWM chip, a negative electrode of the diode is coupled to the first terminal of the energy-storage inductor, a positive electrode of the diode is coupled to a ground, a first terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to the second terminal of the energy-storage inductor, a second terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to the ground.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the charging detection unit comprises a first triode and a first resistor; wherein a first terminal of the first resistor is coupled to a base electrode of the first triode, a second terminal of the first resistor is coupled to a source electrode of the MOSFET in the PWM voltage stabilization control unit, an emitting electrode of the first triode is coupled to a drain electrode of the MOSFET in the PWM voltage stabilization control unit.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the charging and voltage stabilization control unit comprises a second triode, a second resistor R4, a third resistor R5 and a second capacitor, a collector electrode of the second triode is coupled to the feedback pin of the PWM chip, a first terminal of the second resistor is coupled to a base electrode of the second triode, a second terminal of the second resistor is coupled to the ground, a first terminal of the second capacitor is also coupled to the base electrode of the second triode, a second terminal of the second capacitor is also coupled to the ground, a first terminal of the third resistor is coupled to the first terminal of the second resistor, a second terminal of the third resistor is coupled to the charging detection unit, a collector electrode of the second triode is coupled to a feedback pin of the PWM chip.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the PWM voltage stabilization control unit comprises a PWM chip, a PWM voltage stabilization control circuit consisted of a MOSFET and a synchronous rectification MOSFET, an energy-storage inductor, a first capacitor and a sampling circuit consisted of resistors; wherein a first terminal of the MOSFET is coupled to a first terminal of the synchronous rectification MOSFET, the first terminal of the MOSFET is coupled to a first terminal of the energy-storage inductor, a second terminal of the energy-storage inductor is coupled to the sampling circuit the sampling circuit is coupled to a feedback pin of the PWM chip, a first terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to the second terminal of the energy-storage inductor, a second terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to a ground.

### Claim 7

A charge/discharge control method applied in a lithium-ion battery comprising:
a charging detection unit detecting current in circuits of the lithium-ion battery;
wherein, a charging and voltage stabilization control unit stops working and a PWM voltage stabilization control unit is working to let the positive electrode terminal of the lithium-ion battery output a stable voltage when the charging detection unit detects discharging current in the circuits;
wherein, the charging and voltage stabilization control unit is working and the PWM voltage stabilization control unit stops working to let a channel resistance of the MOSFET in the PWM voltage stabilization control unit stay in a minimum value when the charging detection unit detects charging current in the circuits; and
when the lithium-ion battery is fully charged or a charger is pulled out, the charging detection unit, the charging and voltage stabilization control unit both stop working and the PWM voltage stabilization control unit turns on a PWM voltage stabilization mode.