# US 9,882,397 B2 · Guided surface wave transmission of multiple frequencies in a lossy media

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- Number: US 9,882,397 B2
- Document ID: US9882397B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/847,606
- Filed: 2015-09-08
- Published: 2016-03-17
- Granted: 2018-01-30
- Earliest claimed: 2014-09-11
- Assignees: CPG Technologies, LLC
- Applicants: CPG Technologies, LLC
- Inventors: James F. Corum; Kenneth L. Corum; James D. Lilly; Basil F. Pinzone, Jr.; Joseph F. Pinzone
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9882397B2

## CPC

- H02J 50/12: of the resonant type
- H01P 3/18: built-up from several layers to increase operating surface, i.e. alternately conductive and dielectric layers
- H01Q 1/00: Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas (arrangements for varying orientation of directional pattern H01Q3/00)
- H01Q 21/30: Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
- H02J 50/005: {Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices}
- H02J 50/10: using inductive coupling
- H04B 3/52: Systems for transmission between fixed stations via waveguides
- H04B 5/24: Inductive coupling
- H04B 5/266: {One coil at each side, e.g. with primary and secondary coils}
- H04B 5/79: for data transfer in combination with power transfer
- H04B 5/22: Capacitive coupling
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H01P: WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B)
- H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION

## Abstract

Disclosed are various embodiments for transmitting energy at multiple frequencies via a guided surface wave along the surface of a lossy medium such as, e.g., a terrestrial medium by exciting a guided surface waveguide probe.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system, comprising:
a guided surface waveguide probe;
a plurality of power sources coupled to the guided surface waveguide probe, individual power sources of the plurality of power sources configured to excite the guided surface waveguide probe at a respective different frequency;
the guided surface waveguide probe being adjusted to launch a plurality of guided surface waves along a lossy conducting medium, the plurality of guided surface waves comprising guided surface waves at the respective different frequencies of the individual power sources; and
a feed network electrically coupled to a charge terminal of the guided surface waveguide probe, wherein for each guided surface wave, the feed network is configured to provide a respective phase delay (Φ) that matches a respective wave tilt angle (Ψ) associated with a respective complex Brewster angle of incidence (θi,B) associated with the lossy conducting medium in the vicinity of the guided surface waveguide probe.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the individual power sources are directly coupled to the guided surface waveguide probe.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the individual power sources are inductively coupled to the surface waveguide probe.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising a respective isolation component disposed between the guided surface waveguide probe and at least one individual power source.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The system of claim 4, wherein the respective isolation component comprises an isolator, a bandpass filter, a directional coupler, a narrow band coupler, a circulator, or an amplifier.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the charge terminal is elevated over a lossy conducting medium and is configured to generate, for each guided surface wave, a respective resultant field that synthesizes a respective wave front incident at the respective complex Brewster angle of incidence (θi,B) of the lossy conducting medium for the guided surface wave, the charge terminal being excited by at least one of the plurality of power sources.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, comprising a compensation terminal elevated over the lossy medium and below the charge terminal, wherein the charge terminal is coupled to a coil at a first tap and the compensation terminal being coupled to the coil at a second tap that is variable via a switching mechanism.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein the switching mechanism comprises a plurality of terminals directly coupled to a plurality of taps along the coil.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein at least one of a position of the first tap or a position of the second tap are adjustable based at least in part on at least one of a current measurement associated with a ground stake of the guided surface waveguide probe, a ground parameter measurement, a field measurement, power supplied by a respective one of the power sources, or power consumed by a load.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, comprising a filter mechanism disposed between an output of the switching mechanism and the compensation terminal, the filter mechanism configured to filter frequencies outside a predefined frequency band.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the guided surface waveguide probe comprises:
the charge terminal coupled to a coil configured to be excited by the individual power sources;
a first compensation plate coupled to the coil at a first tap; and
a second compensation plate coupled to the coil at a second tap;
wherein the first tap is adjusted based at least in part upon a first respective different frequency associated with a first individual power source of the plurality of power sources; and
wherein the second tap is adjusted based at least in part upon a second respective different frequency associated with a second individual power source of the plurality of power sources.

### Claim 12

A system, comprising:
a guided surface waveguide probe comprising:
a charge terminal elevated over a lossy conducting medium;
a compensation terminal positioned below the charge terminal;
first and second feed networks coupled to the charge terminal and the compensation terminal and configured to provide a voltage to the charge terminal;
a first power source coupled to the charge terminal via the first feed network, the first power source exciting the charge terminal at a first frequency; and
a second power source coupled to the charge terminal via the second feed network, the second power source exciting the charge terminal at a second frequency different from the first frequency;
wherein the guided surface waveguide probe is adjusted to simultaneously launch a first guided surface wave at the first frequency along a lossy conducting medium and a second guided surface wave at the second frequency along the lossy conducting medium; and
wherein the guided surface wave guide probe generates:
a first resultant field having a first complex angle of incidence at least at a first Hankel crossover distance from the guided surface waveguide probe, the first Hankel crossover distance based at least in part on the first frequency, and
a second resultant field having a second complex angle of incidence at least at a second Hankel crossover distance from the guided surface waveguide probe, the second Hankel crossover distance based at least in part on the second frequency.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the guided surface waveguide probe further comprises a first N-plexer and a second N-plexer, the charge terminal being coupled to both the first feed network and the second feed network via the first N-plexer, and the compensation terminal being coupled to the first feed network and the second feed network via the second N-plexer.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the compensation terminal is coupled to the first feed network via a first switching mechanism device configured to vary excitation of the compensation terminal based at least in part on at least one of a current measurement associated with the first feed network, a ground parameter measurement, or a first field measurement corresponding to the first frequency; and
the compensation terminal is coupled to the second feed network via a second switching mechanism configured to vary excitation of the compensation terminal based at least in part on a second current measurement associated with the second feed network, the ground parameter measurement, or a second field measurement corresponding to the second frequency.

### Claim 15 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the first guided surface wave and the second guided surface wave have a respective field strength contour that decays exponentially as a function of distance from the guided surface waveguide probe.

### Claim 16

A method, comprising:
exciting a guided surface waveguide probe with a plurality of signals having different respective frequencies, the guided surface waveguide probe positioned over a lossy medium;
launching a plurality of guided surface waves at the different respective frequencies in the lossy medium, each of the plurality of guided surface waves having a respective field strength contour that decays exponentially as a function of a distance from the guided surface waveguide probe; and
wherein exciting the guided surface waveguide probe generates a plurality of resultant fields having a complex angle of incidence at least at a respective Hankel crossover distance from the guided surface waveguide probe, each of the plurality of resultant fields corresponding to a respective one of the plurality of signals.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the lossy medium is a terrestrial medium and the plurality of guided surface waves propagate along an interface of an atmospheric medium and the terrestrial medium.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of guided surface waves are launched simultaneously.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the guided surface waveguide probe comprises a charge terminal elevated over the lossy conducting medium configured to generate at least one resultant field that synthesizes a respective wave front incident at a respective complex Brewster angle of incidence (θi,B) of the lossy conducting medium.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the guided surface waveguide probe comprises a feed network electrically coupled to the charge terminal, the feed network, for each resultant field, providing a respective phase delay (Φ) that matches a respective wave tilt angle (Ψ) associated with the respective complex Brewster angle of incidence (θi,B) associated with the lossy conducting medium in the vicinity of the guided surface waveguide probe.