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US 9,879,196 B2Granted
Body of molecular sized fuel additive
OwnerBruce Briant Parson, Walter R. Mayinventors
Life of this patent
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Abstract
This invention generally refers to a new generation of fuel additives which can provide catalytic action to improve the combustion process of fossil fuels and to a catalyst among others containing an iron compound combined with an over-based magnesium compound with molecular size particles inside the combustion chamber. Such fuel additive catalysts are particularly useful for fuel oil combustion, natural gas combustion, stationary gas turbines, natural gas-fired reciprocating engines, diesel engines, gasoline engines and all stationary dual-fuel engines.
Claims61
A fuel additive comprised of more than one metal, metal oxide or metallic compound for improving combustion of fossil fuels, said fuel additive comprising:
- a first metal, metal oxide or metallic compound of iron, wherein the first metal, metal oxide or metallic compound is capable of being dissolved in a solvent and has a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emissions of less than 0.0025 over the gap in the spectral intensity of the first metal, metal oxide or metallic compound of iron;
- a second metal, metal oxide or metallic compound of magnesium, wherein the second metal, metal oxide or metallic compound is over based and is capable of forming a colloidal suspension in the solvent and has a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emissions of less than 0.0025 over the gap in spectral intensity of the second metal, metal oxide or metallic compound;
- and
- a third metal, metal oxide or metal compound which produces total normalized spectral emissions of 0.02 or greater over the normalized spectral emissions gap of the first metal, metal oxide or metal compound or of the second metal, metal oxide or metal compound, or of both;
- wherein fuel additive particles introduced into the combustion chamber of said fossil fuels are of molecular particle size.
2 more elements
A fuel additive comprised of a least three metals, metal oxides or metallic compounds for improving combustion of fossil fuels wherein the metal, metal oxide or metallic compound with the highest concentration by weight is iron and wherein the said at least two additional metals are chosen from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, iron, tin, cerium, manganese, copper, cobalt, nickel, palladium and platform;
- wherein said at least two additional metals are spectrally complementary to the metal of highest concentration over the wavelength bands of 200 nm to 2500 nm by each producing total normalized spectral emissions of 0.02 or greater over a normalized spectral emissions gap of the first metal, metal oxide or metallic compound.
A combustion fuel composition comprising:
- (a) a combustion fuel;
- and (b) a combustion catalyst additive which comprises (i) an oil-soluble organometallic iron compound having a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emissions of less than 0.0025 over the gap in spectral intensity of the first metal, metal oxide or metal compound;
- (ii) an over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound having a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emissions of less than 0.0025 over the gap in spectral intensity of the second metal, metal oxide or metal compound;
- and (iii) a third oil-soluble organometallic compound selected from the group consisting of organic compounds of cerium, copper, platinum, palladium, cobalt, nickel and manganese, wherein iron from the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound is present in an amount equal to or less than 8 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the combustion fuel composition and wherein the third oil-soluble organometallic compound produces total normalized spectral emissions of 0.02 or greater over the normalized spectral emissions gap of the first metal, metal oxide or metal compound or of the second metal, metal oxide or metal compound, or of both.
1 more element
A method for formulating a combustion fuel comprising:
- (a) selecting one or more oil-soluble organo-metallic compounds;
- (b) determining or measuring the atomic emission spectrum of the metals in the one or more oil-soluble organometallic compounds;
- (c) comparing the atomic emission spectrum from step (b) to atomic emission spectra of iron (III) and magnesium (II);
- (d) if the atomic emission spectrum from step (b) contains peaks not present in the atomic emission spectra of at least one of iron (III) and magnesium (II) such that the normalized spectral emission from step (b) is 0.02 or greater over that of at least one of iron (III) and magnesium (II), formulating a combustion catalyst fuel additive which comprises an oil-soluble organometallic iron compound, an over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound and the oil-soluble organometallic compound, wherein the third oil-soluble organometallic compound is spectrally complementary either with the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound or with the over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound or with both;
- (e) adding the combustion catalyst fuel additive to a combustion fuel, wherein the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound is present in the fuel at an amount equal to or less than 8 ppm by weight.
2 more elements
A natural gas fuel composition comprising:
- (a) natural gas;
- (b) a natural gas combustion catalyst additive which comprises (i) an oil-soluble organometallic iron compound having a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emission of less than 0.0025 over the gap in spectral intensity of the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound, (ii) an over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound having a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emissions of less than 0.0025 over the gap in spectral intensity of the over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound, and (iii) a third oil-soluble organometallic compound selected from the group consisting of cerium, copper, platinum, palladium, cobalt, nickel and manganese, wherein the third oil-soluble organometallic compound is spectrally complementary either with the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound or with the over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound or with both, wherein the iron from the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound is present in an amount equal to or less than 8 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the natural gas fuel composition and wherein the third oil-soluble organometallic compound produces total normalized spectral emissions of 0.02 or greater over the normalized spectral emissions gap of the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound or of the over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound, or both.
A method of making a natural gas fuel composition comprising:
- (a) selecting a natural gas combustion catalyst additive which comprises an oil-soluble organometallic iron compound, having a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emission of less than 0.0025 over the gap in the spectral intensity of the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound, an over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound having a spectral intensity with at least one continuous gap that is at least 25 nm wide in wavelengths and a total normalized spectral emissions of less than 0.0025 over the gap in spectral intensity of the over-based organometallic magnesium, a third oil-soluble organometallic compound selected from the group consisting of organic compounds of cerium, copper, platinum, palladium, cobalt, nickel and manganese, and a solvent selected from the group consisting of xylene, toluene, benzene and combinations thereof, wherein the oil-soluble iron (III) compound is present in an amount equal to or less than 8 ppm by weight and wherein the third oil-soluble organometallic compound is spectrally complementary either with the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound or with the over-based oil-soluble organometallic magnesium compound or with both and wherein the third oil-soluble organometallic compound produces total normalized spectral emissions of 0.02 or greater over the normalized spectral emissions gap of the oil-soluble organometallic iron compound or of the over-based organometallic magnesium compound, or of both;
- (b) providing natural gas in a container;
- and
- (c) atomizing the natural gas combustion catalyst additive into the container.
1 more element
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.