Tetradentate and octahedral metal complexes containing naphthyridinocarbazole and its analogues

A complex of Formula AIV:

• wherein:
• M is Pt or Pd,
• V1 and V4 are N,
• V2 and V3 are C,
• L1 and L4 are pyridyl;
• L2 and L3 are phenyl;
• each of A1, A2, A3, and A4 is independently a single bond, CR1R2, C═O, SiR1R2, GeR1R2, NR3, PR3, R3P═O, AsR3, R3As═O, O, S, S═O, SO2, Se, Se═O, SeO2, BR3, R3Bi═O, or BiR3,
• A5 is O, NR3, CR1R2, or C═O,
• X1 and X2 are N,
• each of Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd is independently present or absent, and if present each of Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd is independently a mono-, di-, or tri-substitution as valency permits, and each of Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd is independently hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, thiol, nitro, cyano, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfinyl, mercapto, sulfo, carboxyl, hydrazino;
• substituted or unsubstituted:
• aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, monoarylamino, diarylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, haloalkyl, aralkyl, ester, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, sulfonylamino, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkylthio, ureido, phosphoramide, silyl, polymeric;
• or any conjugate or combination thereof,
• each of Rx and Ry is independently hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, thiol, nitro, cyano, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfinyl, mercapto, sulfo, carboxyl, hydrazino;
• substituted or unsubstituted:
• aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, monoarylamino, diarylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, haloalkyl, aralkyl, ester, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, sulfonylamino, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkylthio, ureido, phosphoramide, silyl, polymeric;
• or any conjugate or combination, and
• each of R1, R2 and R3 is independently hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, thiol, nitro, cyano, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfinyl, mercapto, sulfo, carboxyl, hydrazino;
• substituted or unsubstituted:
• aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, monoarylamino, diarylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, haloalkyl, aralkyl, ester, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, sulfonylamino, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkylthio, ureido, phosphoramide, silyl, polymeric;
• or any conjugate or combination thereof;
• wherein le and le are optionally linked together.