Optical transmitter and method for controlling bias of optical modulator

An optical transmitter comprising:

• a mapper that generates an electric field information signal from transmission data;
• a phase rotation circuit that adds a phase rotation to the electric field information signal;
• a driver that generates a driving signal from the electric field information signal to which the phase rotation is added;
• a modulator that generates a modulated optical signal according to the driving signal;
• and
• a controller that controls a bias of the modulator according to a change in a carrier frequency of the modulated optical signal corresponding to the phase rotation that is added to the electric field information signal by the phase rotation circuit, wherein
• the change in the carrier frequency of the modulated optical signal is detected in an optical receiver that receives the modulated optical signal.

An optical transmitter comprising:

• a mapper that generates an electric field information signal from transmission data;
• a phase rotation circuit that adds a phase rotation to the electric field information signal;
• a driver that generates a driving signal from the electric field information signal to which the phase rotation is added;
• a modulator that generates a modulated optical signal according to the driving signal;
• and
• a controller that controls the electric field information signal according to a carrier frequency of the modulated optical signal, wherein
• the electric field information signal indicates an in-phase component and a quadrature component of the modulated optical signal, and when a direction of a change in the carrier frequency of the modulated optical signal that is caused by the phase rotation added to the electric field information signal is reverse to a direction that corresponds to a direction of the phase rotation added to the electric field information signal, the controller inverts a sign of one of the in-phase component or the quadrature component of the modulated optical signal.

An optical transmitter comprising:

• a mapper that generates a first electric field information signal and a second electric field information signal;
• a phase rotation circuit that adds a phase rotation to the first electric field information signal and the second electric field information signal;
• a driver that generates a first driving signal and a second driving signal from the first electric field information signal and the second electric field information signal to which the phase rotation is added;
• a light source that generates continuous wave light;
• a first modulator that modulates the continuous wave light with the first driving signal to generate a first modulated optical signal;
• a second modulator that modulates the continuous wave light with the second driving signal to generate a second modulated optical signal;
• a polarization beam combiner that combines the first modulated optical signal and the second modulated optical signal to generate a polarization multiplexed optical signal;
• a controller that sets an operation point of the first modulator and an operation point of the second modulator so as to match the same null point in accordance with a change in a carrier frequency of the first modulated optical signal included in the polarization multiplexed optical signal and a change in a carrier frequency of the second modulated optical signal included in the polarization multiplexed optical signal;
• an optical coupler that combines the polarization multiplexed optical signal and the continuous wave light;
• and
• a detector that detects frequencies of the first modulated optical signal and the second modulated optical signal in accordance with an intensity of output light of the optical coupler, wherein
• when the phase rotation circuit multiplies the first electric field information signal by a first function for alternately adding a phase rotation of zero and a phase rotation of π/2 at specified time intervals and a second function for adding a phase rotation that corresponds to a specified carrier frequency shift, the detector detects a shift in the carrier frequency of the first modulated optical signal with respect to a frequency of the continuous wave light in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the optical coupler when the phase rotation according to the first function is zero and in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the optical coupler when the phase rotation according to the first function is π/2,
• when the phase rotation circuit multiplies the second electric field information signal by the first function and the second function, the detector detects a shift in the carrier frequency of the second modulated optical signal with respect to the frequency of the continuous wave light in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the optical coupler when the phase rotation according to the first function is zero and in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the optical coupler when the phase rotation according to the first function is π/2, and
• the controller controls a bias of the first modulator in accordance with a direction of the shift in the carrier frequency of the first modulated optical signal, and controls a bias of the second modulator in accordance with a direction of the shift in the carrier frequency of the second modulated optical signal.

An optical transmitter comprising:

• a mapper that generates a first electric field information signal and a second electric field information signal;
• a phase rotation circuit that adds a phase rotation to the first electric field information signal and the second electric field information signal;
• a driver that generates a first driving signal and a second driving signal from the first electric field information signal and the second electric field information signal to which the phase rotation is added;
• a light source that generates continuous wave light;
• a first modulator that modulates the continuous wave light with the first driving signal to generate a first modulated optical signal;
• a second modulator that modulates the continuous wave light with the second driving signal to generate a second modulated optical signal;
• a polarization beam combiner that combines the first modulated optical signal and the second modulated optical signal to generate a polarization multiplexed optical signal;
• a controller that sets an operation point of the first modulator and an operation point of the second modulator so as to match the same null point in accordance with a change in a carrier frequency of the first modulated optical signal included in the polarization multiplexed optical signal and a change in a carrier frequency of the second modulated optical signal included in the polarization multiplexed optical signal;
• a polarizer that is configured to have 45 degrees with respect to two polarizations of the polarization multiplexed optical signal;
• and
• a detector that detects frequencies of the first modulated optical signal and the second modulated optical signal in accordance with an intensity of output light of the polarizer, wherein
• when the phase rotation circuit multiplies the second electric field information signal by a first function for alternately adding a phase rotation of zero and a phase rotation of π/2 at specified time intervals, and multiplies the first electric field information signal by a second function for adding a phase rotation that corresponds to a specified carrier frequency shift, the detector detects a shift in the carrier frequency of the first modulated optical signal with respect to a frequency of the continuous wave light in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the polarizer when the phase rotation according to the first function is zero and in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the polarizer when the phase rotation according to the first function is π/2,
• when the phase rotation circuit multiplies the first electric field information signal by the first function, and multiplies the second electric field information signal by the second function, the detector detects a shift in the carrier frequency of the second modulated optical signal with respect to the frequency of the continuous wave light in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the polarizer when the phase rotation according to the first function is zero and in accordance with the intensity of the output light of the polarizer when the phase rotation according to the first function is π/2, and
• the controller controls a bias of the first modulator in accordance with a direction of the shift in the carrier frequency of the first modulated optical signal, and controls a bias of the second modulator in accordance with a direction of the shift in the carrier frequency of the second modulated optical signal.

A bias control method comprising:

• generating an electric field information signal from transmission data;
• adding a phase rotation to the electric field information signal;
• generating a driving signal from the electric field information signal to which the phase rotation is added;
• generating a modulated optical signal in accordance with the driving signal by using a modulator;
• and
• controlling a bias of the modulator in accordance with a change in a carrier frequency of the modulated optical signal corresponding to the phase rotation added to the electric field information signal, wherein
• in the adding, a phase rotation corresponding to an FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) signal that indicates a specified data pattern is added to the electric field information signal so as to superimpose the FSK signal on the driving signal,
• the change in the carrier frequency of the modulated optical signal is monitored and the FSK signal superimposed on the modulated optical signal is detected, and
• in the controlling, the bias of the modulator is changed when the FSK signal detected from the modulated optical signal is inverted with respect to the FSK signal superimposed on the driving signal.