Self-healing capacitor and methods of production thereof

A method of producing a self-healing capacitor, comprising:

• (a) applying an electric voltage across a first electrode and a second electrode that are separated by a dielectric layer, which applying comprises a gradual enhancement of the electric voltage to achieve electric breakdown, wherein at least one of the first and second electrodes includes a metal foam;
• (b) applying an electric field across the first electrode and the second electrode to form electrically conductive channels with exit points on opposing surfaces of the dielectric layer;
• (c) applying a current through the first and second electrodes to (i) induce Joule heating in at least one of the first and second electrodes and (ii) form local contact breakers in at least one of the first and second electrodes, which local contact breakers are formed adjacent or in proximity to the exit points;
• and
• (d) terminating the application of the current upon formation of the local contact breakers.