# US 9,833,542 B2 · Ceramic manufactures

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- Number: US 9,833,542 B2
- Document ID: US9833542B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/507,397
- Filed: 2012-06-25
- Published: 2012-10-25
- Granted: 2017-12-05
- Earliest claimed: 2003-03-07
- Assignees: Louis A. Serefin, Jr. Trust; Xylon LLC
- Applicants: Louis A. Serafin, Jr.; Gerald J. Jerry, Jr.; Nicholas H. Burlingame
- Inventors: Louis A. Serafin, Jr.; Gerald J. Jerry, Jr.; Nicholas H. Burlingame
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9833542B2

## CPC

- A61L 27/10: Ceramics or glasses
- A61F 2/3094: {Designing or manufacturing processes}
- A61F 2/3859: {Femoral components}
- B28B 3/003: {Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses (isostatic presses in general B30B5/02)}
- B28B 11/003: {the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending (B28B11/08 takes precedence)}
- B28B 11/08: for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B 11/24: for curing, setting or hardening (processes for influencing or modifying the setting or hardening ability of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, in general C04B40/00)
- A61C 13/0003: {Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like}
- A61F 2/38: for elbows or knees
- A61F 2/3877: {Patellae or trochleae}
- A61F 2/4425: {made of articulated components}
- A61F 2/4684: {Trial or dummy prostheses}
- A61F 2002/30133: {kidney-shaped or bean-shaped}
- A61F 2002/30433: {using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws}
- A61F 2002/30492: {using a locking pin}
- A61F 2002/30604: {modular}
- A61F 2002/30616: {Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations}
- A61F 2002/3071: {Identification means; Administration of patients}
- A61F 2002/30736: {Augments or augmentation pieces, e.g. wedges or blocks for bridging a bone defect}
- A61F 2002/30841: {Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes}
- A61F 2002/30843: {Pyramidally-shaped}
- A61F 2002/30892: {parallel}
- A61F 2002/30968: {Sintering}
- A61F 2002/30991: {Mandibular components}
- A61F 2002/3895: {unicompartimental}
- A61F 2002/4205: {Tibial components}
- A61F 2002/4207: {Talar components}
- A61F 2220/0025: Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F 2220/0041: using additional screws, bolts, dowels or rivets, e.g. connecting screws
- A61F 2230/0015: Kidney-shaped, e.g. bean-shaped
- A61F 2250/0089: coded with symbols, e.g. dots, numbers, letters, words
- A61F 2310/00185: based on metal oxides
- A61F 2310/00197: containing magnesia or magnesium oxide
- A61F 2310/00239: containing zirconia or zirconium oxide ZrO2
- A61F 2310/00592: Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
- A61L: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES (preservation of bodies or disinfecting characterised by the agents employed A01N; preserving, e.g. sterilising, food or foodstuffs A23; preparations for medical, dental or toiletry purposes A61K)
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)
- B28B: SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (foundry moulding B22C; working stone or stone-like material B28D; shaping of substances in a plastic state, in general B29C; making layered products not composed wholly of these substances B32B)
- A61C: DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE (non-driven toothbrushes A46B; {tongue scrapers A61B17/24;} preparations for dentistry A61K6/00; preparations for cleaning the teeth or mouth A61K8/00, A61Q11/00)

## Abstract

Prosthetic knee implant or implant component is made with a magnesium oxide stabilized transformationally toughened zirconia.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A prosthetic implant or implant component, which comprises a knee replacement joint implant or joint implant component, which is at least one of the following (A, B):
(A) a magnesium oxide stabilized transformation toughened zirconia ceramic (an Mg-TTZ) femoral component selected from the group consisting of a unicompartmental femoral condylar component; a cruciate-retaining knee implant femoral component, which includes medial and lateral condylar articular surfaces; a posterior stabilized knee femoral component, which includes medial and lateral condylar articular surfaces; and a rotational knee femoral component frame, which includes medial and lateral condylar articular surfaces; and
(B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of a tibial component for articulation against corresponding condylar surface(s) of the femoral component; and a patellofemoral joint implant;
wherein feature “A” is necessarily present.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 1, which has a density of at least about 98 percent of theoretical, without having had undergone HIP treatment.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 2, wherein the density is at least about 99 percent of theoretical, without having had undergone HIP treatment.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 1, wherein the femoral component is characterized by having a strength against a posterior condyle of Mg-TTZ of at least about 1500 pounds when tested according to United States Food and Drug Administration standards corresponding to standards for strength testing on a posterior condyle of a metal femoral knee component in which force is applied in a posterior to anterior direction on an unsupported portion of the Mg-TTZ condyle.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 4, wherein the strength is at least about 2000 pounds.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 5, wherein the strength is at least about 2500 pounds.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 1, wherein said tibial component includes a tibial tray implant component frame, and said frame and the patellofemoral joint implant are of Mg-TTZ and have a strength corresponding to that which would be provided in a femoral condylar component made of corresponding Mg-TTZ ceramic, which has a strength against a posterior condyle of said femoral condylar component of at least about 1500 pounds (about 0.68 metric tons) when tested according to United States Food and Drug Administration standards corresponding to standards for strength testing on a posterior condyle of a metal femoral knee component in which force is applied in a posterior to anterior direction on an unsupported portion of the posterior condyle.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The prosthetic knee implant or implant component of claim 1, which is a total joint replacement implant ensemble that includes the Mg-TTZ femoral component and said tibial component.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 8, wherein said tibial component includes an Mg-TTZ tibial tray implant component frame.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 1, which further includes the patellofemoral joint implant, wherein the patellofemoral joint implant is made of Mg-TTZ.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The prosthetic implant or implant component of claim 1, which is light-transmissive so as to provide for rapid setting of surgical cement by use of illumination passed therethrough.

### Claim 12

A femoral component to a posterior stabilized knee comprising a magnesium oxide stabilized transformation toughened zirconia ceramic (an Mg-TTZ) mass including a frame having side walls and a top that bridge left and right condylar flanges that have condyles, which form an intracondylar notch; and a posterior stabilizing stop within said notch.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The femoral component of claim 12, which further comprises an interiorly facing surface for at least one of enhancing ingrowth of bone and adhering of cement, which includes protruding bumps that can face in proximal and deep directions when implanted.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The femoral component of claim 12, which is characterized by having a strength against a posterior condyle of at least about 1500 pounds when tested according to United States Food and Drug Administration standards corresponding to standards for strength testing on a posterior condyle of a metal femoral knee component in which force is applied in a posterior to anterior direction on an unsupported portion of the condyle.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The femoral component of claim 14, wherein the strength is at least about 2000 pounds.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The femoral component of claim 15, wherein the strength is at least about 2500 pounds.

### Claim 17

An artificial rotation device containing total knee implant prosthesis ensemble, which comprises:
a femoral component having a magnesium oxide stabilized transformation toughened zirconia ceramic (an Mg-TTZ) mass that includes a femoral component frame as a part of the femoral component, wherein:
the rotation device, which is also pan of the femoral component, includes a swingable, depending male-type part;
the femoral component frame is joined to medial and lateral condyles as part of the Mg-TTZ mass, which have respective condylar articular surfaces; and
the rotation device is mounted in said frame; and
a tibial component with meniscal articular surfaces that mate with the condylar articular surfaces of the femoral component, plus a rotation device receptacle that includes a female-type part, so that the femoral component is matable to the tibial component through male-female cooperation of the rotation device and the rotation device receptacle, and the artificial rotation device containing total knee implant prosthesis ensemble generally has natural load transfer capability by anatomical gliding contact of the condylar and meniscal articular surfaces against one another during anatomical rotation in addition to anatomical flexion and extension.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The artificial rotation device containing total knee implant prosthesis ensemble of claim 17, wherein the femoral component is characterized by having a strength against a posterior condyle of at least about 1500 pounds when tested according to United States Food and Drug Administration standards corresponding to standards for strength testing on a posterior condyle of a metal femoral knee component in which force is applied in a posterior to anterior direction on an unsupported portion of the condyle.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The artificial rotation device containing total knee implant prosthesis ensemble of claim 18, wherein the strength is at least about 2000 pounds.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The artificial rotation device containing total knee implant prosthesis ensemble of claim 19, wherein the strength is at least about 2500 pounds.