System and method for monitoring and altering performance of a packet network

#Telephony has advanced dramatically with the advancement of technology. Telephone communication was once limited to an analog public switched telephone network (PSTN), where the PSTN has been traditionally formed of two types of telephone carriers, local and long distance. The local carriers established local networks for subscribers to communicate within local regions, and the long distance carriers created networks between the local networks to enable subscribers of different local carriers to communicate with one another.

#Over time, mobile telephone networks were developed to enable subscribers to use mobile telephones. At first, the wireless networks and handsets were analog. Technology for the wireless networks was developed to provide digital wireless communications, which provided a dearer signal than analog wireless communications.

#About the same time that the digital wireless networks were developing, the Internet was also developing. The International Standards Organization (ISO) developed an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) basic reference model in 1977 that currently includes seven different layers. Each of the layers provides protocols for certain types of operations. More specifically, the seven layers include: physical layer (Layer 1), data link layer (Layer 2), network layer (Layer 3), transport layer (Layer 4), session layer (Layer 5), presentation layer (Layer 6), and application layer (Layer 7). Each entity interacts directly with the layer immediately beneath it and provides facilities for use by the layer above it. The protocols on each layer enable entities to communicate with other entities on the same layer. The Internet initially provided for simple digital data to be communicated between users. One of the early communication application included email. However, as communications standards and protocols developed, the Internet matured to include more advanced communication applications, including voice over Internet protocol (VoIP).

#Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, which are incorporated by reference herein and wherein:

#FIG. 1 is an illustration of a legacy telecommunications network that includes class 4 and 5 switches connected to a signaling system #7 (SS7) network;

#FIG. 2 is an illustration of a conventional telephony network that includes a packet network;

#FIG. 3 is an illustration of an exemplary packet network 300 that utilizes performance information packets 302a, 302b (collectively 302) communicated in-band, and along virtual packet paths between represented as node links 303a, 303b, and 303c (collectively 303) between network nodes 304a, 304b, and 304c (collectively 304). For purposes of this application, a performance information packet (a “PIP packet” or “PIP data packet”) shall mean a packet communicated over data paths of a data packet network that is used by the data packet network to obtain performance information associated with path transmission states of the data packet network. In one embodiment, such PIP packets are communicated in-band along the data or bearer path of a packet network. However, such PIP packet information may also be communicated out-of-band between network elements of the packet network to provide utilization performance measures to other switching and control systems via control signaling over an Operational Support Network or other operations or maintenance network.

#A PIP packet may be communicated between the nodes of a network to establish windows of time in which a node collects or determines network performance information, which may be any information that describes packet utilization and performance of a node, node segment, transmission path, or network element. More particularly, a PIP packet may have a timestamp, counter, sequence number or other identifiers to enable the use of the PIP packet by a network node to establish a sampling window of time for collecting or determining such network performance information. Alternatively, a PIP packet may not include such identifier and may instead be generated at regular intervals between nodes of the network. Each network node or path transmission point may transmit PIP packets to a far-end element via the packet transmission path and the far-end element may receive, calculate performance and store the information for use as a utilization and performance measurement or network performance information. Given each communication path may contain information from its transmission to receive paths, the end-points may exchange and track the measures of the bi-directional path via relaying those measures at either given intervals or any other mechanism so that at least one end of the communication path has both the transmit and receive path utilization and performance measurements. The PIP packet may provide a “heartbeat” between network nodes by which the network nodes may use to determine the network performance. A PIP packet may also be used to communicate the collected or determined network performance information between nodes of the network by, for example, including the network performance information in the header or payload portion of the PIP packet. In one embodiment, a PIP packet is an Ethernet Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) packet, such as an 802.1AG packet, and a receiving utilization and performance tracking mechanism may be a ITU Y.1731 protocol stack. However, any packet of data may be utilized under any suitable protocol, as well as calculation methodology to track and store the network performance information.

#The PIP packets 302 may be formatted to include any information capable of providing information to network nodes to determine network performance information, where the network performance information may include transmission rate, transmission quality, and/or transmission connectivity. Other network performance information, such as communication path utilization, may additionally be determined.