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US 9,804,513 B2Granted
Toner compositions
AssigneeXerox Corporation
InventorsDaryl Vanbesien, Yixin Gong, Karen A Moffat, Richard P N Veregin, Cuong Vong, Jordan H Wosnick, Suxia Yang
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present disclosure provides processes for producing toners by emulsion aggregation where the resulting toner particles have high pigment loadings and desired circularity. The methods include adding a metal, in embodiments a metal salt, at the beginning of coalescence, which surprisingly speeds the coalescence process and produces toner particles having a desired size and circularity for use in electrophotographic imaging systems.
Claims16
A process comprising:
- a) contacting a resin comprising at least two monomers selected from acrylate monomers, styrene monomers and combinations thereof with a colorant, a surfactant and an optional wax to form an emulsion;
- b) contacting said emulsion with a coagulant;
- c) adding a transition metal salt, wherein said transition metal is copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, manganese, chromium, vanadium, titanium or alloys thereof, to the emulsion of step b) comprising said coagulant;
- d) coalescing the emulsion of step c) comprising said transition metal powder or said transition metal salt over a period of time from about 0.5 hours to about 3.5 hours to form toner;
- and
- e) recovering said toner.
3 more elements
A process comprising:
- a) contacting a resin comprising at least two monomers comprising an acrylate monomer, a styrene monomer or a combination thereof with, a colorant, a surfactant and an optional wax to form an emulsion;
- b) contacting said emulsion with a coagulant;
- c) adding a transition metal salt wherein said transition metal salt comprises copper II nitrate or iron nitrate to the emulsion of step b) comprising a coagulant;
- d) coalescing the emulsion of step c) comprising said transition metal salt of step c) over a period of time from about 0.5 hours to about 3.5 hours to form toner;
- and
- e) recovering said toner.
3 more elements
A process comprising:
- a) contacting a resin comprising at least two monomers comprising an acrylate monomer, a styrene monomer or a combination thereof with, a colorant, a surfactant and an optional wax to form an emulsion;
- b) contacting said emulsion with a coagulant;
- c) adding a transition metal salt selected from the group consisting of nitrates, sulfates, halides, acetates, phosphates, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and combinations thereof, comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron and combinations thereof to the emulsion of step b) comprising a coagulant;
- d) coalescing the emulsion of step c) comprising said transition metal salt of step c) over a period of time from about 0.5 hours to about 3.5 hours to form toner;
- and
- e) recovering said toner;
- further comprising adding in step a), a stabilizer of formula (I):
- wherein R1 is hydrogen or a methyl group, R2 and R3 are independently selected from alkylene groups containing from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms or a phenylene group, and n is from about 0 to about 20.
5 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.