Method for propagating network management data for energy-efficient IoT network management and energy-efficient IoT node apparatus

A method for propagating network management data for energy-efficient management of an Internet of Things (IoT) network including a main node and a plurality of sub-nodes, the method comprising the steps of:

• (a) dividing, by the main node, the plurality of sub-nodes into at least two terminal sub-nodes and remaining intermediate sub-nodes, and determining, by the main node, a transmission path so that the at least two terminal sub-nodes locate at end points, respectively, and the terminal sub-nodes and the intermediate sub-nodes satisfy an acyclic graph condition;
• (b) dividing, by the main node, a plurality of pieces of data of network management information into at least two data groups, and transmitting, by the main node, one of the at least two data groups to one of the terminal sub-nodes, respectively;
• (c) transmitting, by each of the terminal sub-nodes, data of the received data group to adjacent intermediate sub-nodes on the transmission path on a per-unit basis;
• (d) performing, by each of the intermediate sub-nodes, network coding on at least two pieces of data selected for network coding transmission for at least two adjacent intermediate sub-nodes or for at least one adjacent intermediate sub-node and one of the terminal sub-nodes, and transmitting, by the intermediate sub-node, the network-coded data to the at least two intermediate adjacent sub-nodes or to the at least one adjacent intermediate sub-node and the terminal sub-node;
• and
• (e) decoding, by the intermediate sub-node, the received network-coded data using previously held data,
• wherein step (d) comprises the step of selecting, by the intermediate sub-node, among data which are held by the intermediate sub-node, data which are present only at any one of the at least two adjacent sub-nodes, as the at least two pieces of data for network coding transmission, and
• wherein:
• the at least two pieces of data for network coding transmission are selected for two intermediate sub-nodes sn−1 and sn+1 adjacent to an intermediate sub-node sn according to the following equation:
• diε{circumflex over (N)}n∩{circumflex over (N)}n+1
• djε{circumflex over (N)}n∩{circumflex over (N)}n−1
• where di is data common to a to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n of the intermediate sub-node sn and a to-be-transmitted data group Nn+1 of the intermediate sub-node sn+1, and dj is data common to the to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n of the intermediate sub-node sn and a to-be-transmitted data group Nn−1 of the intermediate sub-node sn−1;
• and
• the to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n is defined by the following equations:
• {circumflex over (N)}n=Nn−Yn
• Yn=(Nn−1∩Nn∩Nn+1)
• where Nn−1, Nn and Nn+1 are respectively a data group that includes pieces of data that are held by each of the intermediate sub-nodes sn−1, sn and sn+1.

An energy-efficient Internet of Things (IoT) node device that functions as any one of a main node or a sub-node and that constitutes part of an energy-efficient IoT network, wherein:

• if the energy-efficient IoT node device functions as the main node, the energy-efficient IoT node device is operative to:
• divide a plurality of sub-nodes of the energy-efficient IoT network into at least two terminal sub-nodes and remaining intermediate sub-nodes, and determine a transmission path so that the at least two terminal sub-nodes locate at end points, respectively, and the terminal sub-nodes and the intermediate sub-nodes satisfy an acyclic graph condition;
• and
• divide a plurality of pieces of data of network management information into at least two data groups, and transmit the at least two data groups to the terminal sub-nodes, respectively,
• wherein the intermediate sub-node is operative to select data, among data which are held by the intermediate sub-node, data which are present only at any one of the at least two adjacent sub-nodes, as the at least two pieces of data for network coding transmission, and
• wherein the at least two pieces of data for network coding transmission are selected for two intermediate sub-nodes sn−1 and sn+1 adjacent to an intermediate sub-node sn according to the following equation:
• diε{circumflex over (N)}n∩{circumflex over (N)}n+1
• djε{circumflex over (N)}n∩{circumflex over (N)}n−1
• where di is data common to a to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n of the intermediate sub-node sn and a to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n+1 of the intermediate sub-node sn+1, and dj is data common to the to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n of the intermediate sub-node sn and a to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n−1 of the intermediate sub-node sn−1;
• and
• the to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n is defined by the following equations:
• {circumflex over (N)}n=Nn−Yn
• Yn=(Nn−1∩Nn∩Nn+1)
• where Nn −1, Nn and Nn+1 are each a data group that includes pieces of data that are held by each of the intermediate sub-nodes sn−1, sn and sn+1, respectively.

An energy-efficient Internet of Things (IoT) node device that functions as any one of a main node or a sub-node and that constitutes part of an energy-efficient IoT network, wherein:

• if the energy-efficient IoT node device functions as the main node, the energy-efficient IoT node device is operative to:
• divide a plurality of sub-nodes of the energy-efficient IoT network into at least two terminal sub-nodes and remaining intermediate sub-nodes, and determine a transmission path so that the at least two terminal sub-nodes locate at end points, respectively, and the terminal sub-nodes and the intermediate sub-nodes satisfy an acyclic graph condition;
• and
• divide a plurality of pieces of data of network management information into at least two data groups, and transmit the at least two data groups to the terminal sub-nodes, respectively,
• wherein the intermediate sub-node is operative to select data, among data which are held by the intermediate sub-node, data which are present only at any one of the at least two adjacent sub-nodes, as the at least two pieces of data for network coding transmission, and
• wherein:
• the at least two pieces of data for network coding transmission are selected for two intermediate sub-nodes sn−1 and sn+1 adjacent to an intermediate sub-node sn according to the following equation:
• diε{circumflex over (N)}n∩{circumflex over (N)}n+1
• djε{circumflex over (N)}n∩{circumflex over (N)}n−1
• where di is data common to a to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n of the intermediate sub-node sn and a to-be-transmitted data group Nn+1 of the intermediate sub-node sn+1, and dj is data common to the to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n of the intermediate sub-node sn and a to-be-transmitted data group Nn−1 of the intermediate sub-node sn−1;
• and
• the to-be-transmitted data group {circumflex over (N)}n is defined by the following equations:
• {circumflex over (N)}n=Nn−Yn
• Yn=(Nn−1∩Nn∩Nn+1)
• where Nn −1, Nn and Nn+1 are respectively a data group that includes pieces of data that are held by each of the intermediate sub-nodes sn−1, sn and sn+1.