Solar cell

A solar cell comprising:

• a crystalline semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type;
• a first semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type on a first surface of the crystalline semiconductor substrate;
• a first collector electrode on the first semiconductor layer;
• a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type on a second surface of the crystalline semiconductor substrate;
• a second collector electrode on the second semiconductor layer;
• and
• a transparent conductive layer and a transparent insulation layer stacked in this order over the first semiconductor layer, wherein
• the first collector electrode is in a groove extending to both of the transparent insulation layer and the transparent conductive layer, and
• a width of the groove in a top surface of the transparent insulation layer is larger than a width of the groove in a bottom surface of the transparent insulation layer.

A solar cell comprising:

• a crystalline semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type;
• a first semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type on a first surface of the crystalline semiconductor substrate;
• a first collector electrode on the first semiconductor layer;
• a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type on a second surface of the crystalline semiconductor substrate;
• a second collector electrode on the second semiconductor layer;
• and
• a transparent conductive layer and a transparent insulation layer stacked in this order over the first semiconductor layer, wherein
• the first collector electrode is in a groove extending to both of the transparent insulation layer and the transparent conductive layer, and
• when the solar cell is seen along a thickness direction, an area of the groove at a boundary between the transparent insulating layer and the transparent conductive layer is larger than an area of the groove at a side of the crystalline semiconductor substrate.