# US 9,753,212 B2 · Quantum dot films, lighting devices, and lighting methods > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,753,212 B2 - Document ID: US9753212B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/018,512 - Filed: 2016-02-08 - Published: 2016-12-01 - Granted: 2017-09-05 - Earliest claimed: 2008-12-30 - Assignees: Nanosys, Inc. - Applicants: Nanosys, Inc. - Inventors: Robert S. Dubrow; William P. Freeman; Ernest Lee; Paul Furuta - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9753212B2 ## CPC - G02B 6/0055: {Reflecting element, sheet or layer} - B32B 5/16: characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder {or granules (layer formed of natural mineral particles B32B19/00; layer being formed of wood fibres, chips or particles B32B21/02)} - B32B 9/04: comprising such {particular} substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, {which is} next to another layer of {the same or of} a {different material (next to a glass layer B32B17/06; layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00)} - B82Y 20/00: Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals - F21V 9/16 - G02B 6/005: {provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide} - G02B 6/0053: {Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer} - G02B 6/0061: {to provide homogeneous light output intensity} - G02B 6/0068: {Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources} - G02B 6/0073: {Light emitting diode [LED]} - G02F 1/133611: {including means for improving the brightness uniformity} - B32B 2313/00: Elements other than metals - B32B 2457/202: LCD, i.e. liquid crystal displays - B32B 2551/00: Optical elements - F21Y 2115/10: Light-emitting diodes [LED] - G02F 2001/133614 - Y10S 977/774: Exhibiting three-dimensional carrier confinement, e.g. quantum dots - Y10T 428/31504: Composite [nonstructural laminate] - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM - B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES - F21V: FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS - F21Y: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract Light-emitting quantum dot films, quantum dot lighting devices, and quantum dot-based backlight units are provided. Related compositions, components, and methods are also described. Improved quantum dot encapsulation and matrix materials are provided. Quantum dot films with protective barriers are described. High-efficiency, high brightness, and high-color purity quantum dot-based lighting devices are also included, as well as methods for improving efficiency and optical characteristics in quantum dot-based lighting devices. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A display backlighting unit (BLU), comprising: at least one primary light source that emits primary light; a light guide panel (LGP) optically coupled to the at least one primary light source, whereby the primary light is transmitted uniformly through the LGP; and a remote phosphor film, sandwiched between at least two barrier layers, comprising only two populations of light emitting quantum dots (QDs) including a first population of QDs configured to emit first secondary light and a second population of QDs configured to emit second secondary light at a different wavelength than the first secondary light; wherein the remote phosphor film is not directly physically coupled to the LGP, wherein the primary light transmits uniformly through the LGP and into the remote phosphor film, whereby at least a portion of the primary light is absorbed by the two populations of QDs and reemitted by the QDs as the first and second secondary light, and wherein the remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of spatial regions. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The display BLU of claim 1, wherein the spatial regions of the plurality of remote phosphor film are at a same planar layer of the display BLU. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The display BLU of claim 2, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is uniform in the same planar layer. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The display BLU of claim 3, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, QD gradients, QD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The display BLU of claim 2, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is varied in the same planar layer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The display BLU of claim 5, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, QD gradients, QD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The display BLU of claim 1, wherein the plurality of remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of layers. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The display BLU of claim 1, wherein the plurality of remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of individual films cut from one or more larger phosphor films before being disposed in the spatial regions. ### Claim 9 A display backlighting unit (BLU), comprising: at least one primary light source that emits primary light; and a plurality of remote phosphor films each disposed in separate spatial regions of the display BLU, each remote phosphor film sandwiched between at least two barrier layers and comprising a quantum dot (QD) phosphor material comprising at least one population of QDs embedded in at least one matrix material, wherein the at least one population of QDs emit secondary light upon absorbance of the primary light; wherein the plurality of remote phosphor films are not directly physically coupled to the at least one primary light source, wherein the primary light transmits into the plurality of remote phosphor films, whereby at least a portion of the primary light is absorbed by the at least one population of QDs in the plurality of remote phosphor films and reemitted by the QDs as the secondary light having a longer wavelength than the primary light. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The display BLU of claim 9, wherein the separate spatial regions of the plurality of remote phosphor film are at a same planar layer of the display BLU. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The display BLU of claim 10, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is uniform in the same planar layer. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The display BLU of claim 11, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, OD gradients, QD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The display BLU of claim 10, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is varied in the same planar layer. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The display BLU of claim 13, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, OD material composition, QD gradients, OD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The display BLU of claim 9, wherein each remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of layers. ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) The display BLU of claim 9, wherein the plurality of remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of individual films cut from one or more larger phosphor films before being disposed in the spatial regions. ### Claim 17 A display backlighting unit (BLU), comprising: at least one primary light source that emits primary light; a light guide panel (LGP) optically coupled to the at least one primary light source, whereby the primary light is transmitted uniformly through the LGP; and a remote phosphor film, sandwiched between at least two barrier layers, comprising at least two populations of light emitting quantum dots (QDs) including a first population of QDs configured to emit first secondary light and a second population of QDs configured to emit second secondary light at a different wavelength than the first secondary light; wherein the remote phosphor film is not directly physically coupled to the LGP, wherein the primary light transmits uniformly through the LGP and into the remote phosphor film, whereby at least a portion of the primary light is absorbed by the at least two populations of QDs and reemitted by the QDs as the first and second secondary light, and wherein the remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of spatial regions. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The display BLU of claim 17, wherein the spatial regions of the remote phosphor film are at a same planar layer of the display BLU. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The display BLU of claim 18, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is uniform in the same planar layer. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The display BLU of claim 19, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, QD gradients, QD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) The display BLU of claim 18, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is varied in the same planar layer. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The display BLU of claim 21, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, QD gradients, QD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 23 (depends on 17) The display BLU of claim 17, wherein the remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of individual films cut from one or more larger phosphor films before being disposed in the spatial regions. ### Claim 24 A display backlighting unit (BLU), comprising: at least one primary light source that emits primary light; a light guide panel (LGP) optically coupled to the at least one primary light source, whereby the primary light is transmitted uniformly through the LGP; and a remote phosphor film, sandwiched between at least two barrier layers, comprising at least one population of light emitting quantum dots (QDs) configured to emit first secondary light; wherein the remote phosphor film is not directly physically coupled to the LGP, wherein the primary light transmits uniformly through the LGP and into the remote phosphor film, whereby at least a portion of the primary light is absorbed by the at least one population of QDs and reemitted by the QDs as the first secondary light having a longer wavelength than the primary light, and wherein the remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of spatial regions. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The display BLU of claim 24, wherein the spatial regions of the remote phosphor film are at a same planar layer of the display BLU. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The display BLU of claim 25, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is uniform in the same planar layer. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The display BLU of claim 26, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, QD gradients, QD arrangements, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 28 (depends on 25) The display BLU of claim 25, wherein the same planar layer has a property that is varied in the same planar layer. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The display BLU of claim 28, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: thickness, shape, emission color, concentration of QDs, QD size, QD material composition, QD gradients, QD arrangements and combinations thereof. ### Claim 30 (depends on 24) The display BLU of claim 24, wherein the remote phosphor film comprises a plurality of individual films cut from one or more larger phosphor films before being disposed in the spatial regions.