# US 9,753,112 B2 · Magnetic resonance imaging method and device

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- Number: US 9,753,112 B2
- Document ID: US9753112B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/777,427
- Filed: 2013-02-26
- Published: 2013-08-29
- Granted: 2017-09-05
- Earliest claimed: 2012-02-27
- Assignees: Esaote S.p.A.
- Applicants: ESAOTE S.p.A.
- Inventors: Andrea Serra
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9753112B2

## CPC

- G01R 33/56: Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques {, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution}
- G01R 33/56554: {caused by acquiring plural, differently encoded echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. correction for readout gradients of alternating polarity in EPI}
- G01R 33/482: {using a Cartesian trajectory}
- G01R 33/5617: {using RF refocusing, e.g. RARE}
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)

## Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging method and device, preferably using T2-weighted Fast Spin Echo (FSE) sequences, wherein a first set of magnetic resonance signals corresponding to predetermined phase-encoding gradients and at least one second set of received magnetic resonance signals, corresponding to further predetermined phase-encoding gradients, are acquired from the body under examination, using multi-echo sequences, such that echoes with the same echo index are assigned to different phase-encoding gradients, said first set and said at least one second set being entered into at least two corresponding k-space matrices, and the at least two k-space matrices being combined into a single k-space matrix from which an image is generated, wherein each k-space matrix is incompletely filled such that, for the same phase encoding gradients, one matrix contains the higher-intensity received signals, and at least another matrix contains no signal.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging method comprising
an excitation and acquisition step, in which the body under examination is permeated by a static magnetic field, and in which excitation sequences comprising trains of radio-frequency pulses are applied to the body under examination by application of phase and frequency encoding gradients and magnetic resonance signals are received from the body under examination;
an image reconstruction step, in which said received magnetic resonance signals are processed for generating images by phase and frequency decoding, the images being acquired along section planes or slices of the body under examination, known as acquisition slices;
wherein a first set of magnetic resonance signals corresponding to predetermined phase-encoding gradients and at least one second set of received magnetic resonance signals, corresponding to further predetermined phase-encoding gradients, are acquired from the body under examination, using multi-echo sequences, such that echoes with the same echo index are assigned to different phase-encoding gradients,
said first set and said at least one second set being entered into at least two corresponding k-space matrices, and the at least two k-space matrices being combined into a single k-space matrix from which an image is generated,
wherein
each of the said at least two k-space matrices is incompletely filled such that, for the same phase encoding gradient, a first matrix of the matrices contains the higher-intensity received signals, and a second matrix of the matrices contains no signal at the positions in the second matrix corresponding to the position of the higher intensity received signals in the first matrix, and said single k-space matrix is generated by taking a partial average, where subsets of received signals corresponding to the same phase encoding gradients of the different sets of received signals are defined, and in at least one subset the received signals that correspond to the same phase encoding gradient of the different sets of received signals are not averaged or are averaged a smaller number of times, whereas in at least one further subset they are averaged a greater number of times and wherein a different multiplication factor is applied to each received signal to obtain a substantially constant noise for all received signals, once said partial average is taken.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first subset comprises lower-intensity received signals among the different sets of received signals, and a second subset comprises higher-intensity received signals of at least one of the different sets of received signals, and the received signals of the first subset of the different sets of received signals and corresponding to the same phase-encoding gradient are summed up and averaged, whereas the received signals of the second subset are not averaged and the highest intensity signal.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said excitation sequences comprising trains of pulses are of Fast Spin Echo (FSE) type.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multiplication factor applied to said lower-intensity received signals is the reciprocal of a noise-reduction factor applied to said lower-intensity received signals after averaging, to reduce the noise intensity of the original received signals, which noise reduction is obtained by said partial average.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the multiplication factor applied to said lower-intensity received signals is √{square root over (n)}, where n is the number of received signals.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multiplication factor applied to said higher-intensity received signals is equal to a noise-reduction factor applied to the lower-intensity received signals after averaging, to reduce the noise intensity of the original received signals, which noise reduction is obtained by said partial average.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the multiplication factor applied to said higher-intensity received signals is
1
n
,
where n is the number of received signals.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said excitation sequences comprising trains of pulses are of Fast Spin Echo (FSE) type with T2 contrast.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein two sets of received signals are acquired.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein three or more sets of received signals are acquired, and wherein said partial average involves an average of a preset number of received signals corresponding to the same phase-encoding gradient, which preset number of received signals changes according to the amplitude of each received signal or the position of each received signal in the k-space.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein three or more sets of received signals are acquired, and wherein said partial average involves an average of a preset number of received signals corresponding to the same phase-encoding gradient, which preset number of received signals changes according to the amplitude of each received signal and the position of each received signal in the k-space.

### Claim 12

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging device comprising:
a static magnetic field generator;
a magnetic field gradients generator;
a transmitter for transmitting radio-frequency excitation pulses;
a receiver for receiving magnetic resonance signals emitted from the body under examination;
a processing unit configured to process said magnetic resonance signals emitted from the body under examination to generate images;
wherein said receiver is configured to acquire a first set of magnetic resonance signals corresponding to predetermined phase-encoding gradients and at least one second set of received magnetic resonance signals, corresponding to further predetermined phase-encoding gradients from the body under examination, such that echoes with the same echo index are assigned to different phase-encoding gradients,
said first set and said at least one second set being processed by said processor unit and recorded into at least two corresponding k-space matrices, the processor unit combining the at least two k-space matrices into a single k-space matrix from which an image is generated,
wherein
the received signals are recorded by said processing unit into said matrices such that, for the same phase encoding gradients, a first matrix of the matrices contains the higher-intensity received signals and at least a second matrix of the matrices contains no signal at the positions in the second matrix corresponding to the position of the higher intensity received signals in the first matrix and, in order to generate said single k-space matrix, said processing unit computes a partial average, wherein the lower-intensity received signals corresponding to the same phase-encoding gradient among the different sets of received signals are summed up and averaged, whereas the higher-intensity received signals are left unaveraged, and in that said receiver applies a receiver gain varied for each received signal to obtain a substantially constant noise for all received signals, once said partial average is calculated.