# US 9,753,108 B2 · Magnetic resonance imaging method for at least two separate radio-frequency transmit coils with time-delayed slice-selective excitation pulses > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,753,108 B2 - Document ID: US9753108B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/678,484 - Filed: 2015-04-03 - Published: 2015-10-08 - Granted: 2017-09-05 - Earliest claimed: 2014-04-03 - Assignees: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft - Applicants: Josef Pfeuffer; Rainer Schneider - Inventors: Josef Pfeuffer; Rainer Schneider - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9753108B2 ## CPC - G01R 33/443: {Assessment of an electric or a magnetic field, e.g. spatial mapping, determination of a B0 drift or dosimetry} - G01R 33/34092: {RF coils specially adapted for NMR spectrometers} - G01R 33/385: using gradient magnetic field coils - G01R 33/387: Compensation of inhomogeneities - G01R 33/5608: {Data processing and visualization specially adapted for MR, e.g. for feature analysis and pattern recognition on the basis of measured MR data, segmentation of measured MR data, edge contour detection on the basis of measured MR data, for enhancing measured MR data in terms of signal-to-noise ratio by means of noise filtering or apodization, for enhancing measured MR data in terms of resolution by means for deblurring, windowing, zero filling, or generation of gray-scaled images, colour-coded images or images displaying vectors instead of pixels (image data processing or generation, in general G06T)} - G01R 33/5613: {Generating steady state signals, e.g. low flip angle sequences [FLASH]} - G01R 33/5616: {using gradient refocusing, e.g. EPI} - G01R 33/56536: {due to magnetic susceptibility variations} - G01R 33/56563: {caused by a distortion of the main magnetic field B0, e.g. temporal variation of the magnitude or spatial inhomogeneity of B0 (G01R33/56509, G01R33/56518, G01R33/56536 take precedence)} - G01R 33/5659: {caused by a distortion of the RF magnetic field, e.g. spatial inhomogeneities of the RF magnetic field (G01R33/56509, G01R33/56518, G01R33/56536 take precedence)} - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) ## Abstract A method for creating an image data set using a magnetic resonance system including at least two RF transmit coils includes, for each RF transmit coil, calculating a value for a susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected from the Gs map in combination with the B1 map of the RF transmit coil. The method includes, for each RF transmit coil, calculating a time delay of the excitation pulse. The method also includes calculating a complex weighting factor for scaling the pulse profile for each RF transmit coil to achieve an as uniform as possible deflection of the magnetization by the excitation pulse over the area under examination, and passing through the imaging sequence. The RF transmit coils each emit an excitation pulse with the calculated time delay and with a pulse profile scaled according to the calculated complex weighting factors. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for creating an image data set of an area under examination using a magnetic resonance system comprising at least two RF transmit coils, wherein at least one slice-selective excitation pulse with a prespecified pulse profile is applied to the area under examination during acquisition of image data by an imaging sequence, the method comprising: accessing B1 maps that represent a spatial distribution of the sensitivity of the at least two RF transmit coils over the area under examination; accessing a Gs map that represents a spatial distribution of susceptibility magnetic field gradients in the area under examination; for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils, calculating a value for a susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected from the Gs map in combination with the B1 map of the RF transmit coil; for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils, calculating a time delay of the excitation pulse based on the susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected, a slice gradient to be applied during the excitation pulse, and an echo time of the imaging sequence; calculating a complex weighting factor for scaling a pulse profile for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils to achieve an as uniform as possible deflection of the magnetization by the excitation pulse over the area under examination, wherein the calculation takes into account at least the B1 maps; and passing through the imaging sequence, wherein, during a simultaneous application of a slice gradient, the at least two RF transmit coils each emit an excitation pulse with the calculated time delay and with a pulse profile scaled according to the calculated complex weighting factors. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the Gs map is calculated from a B0 map that represents the spatial distribution of a main magnetic field inhomogeneity in the area under examination. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein for the calculation of the Gs map, a linear dependence of the susceptibility magnetic field gradient on the magnetic field inhomogeneity stored in the B0 map is assumed. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein accessing the Gs map comprises accessing a standard susceptibility distribution that is stored in a database for a body part to be examined. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein, at the start of the method, the method further comprises: positioning a person to be examined in the area under examination; and determining the B0 map, the B1 maps, or the B0 map and the B1 maps by B0 mapping methods, B1 mapping methods, or B0 mapping methods and B1 mapping methods, respectively. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the value for the susceptibility magnetic field gradient is the highest susceptibility magnetic field gradient within a sensitive region of the RF transmit coil. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein, during the calculation of the value for the susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected, a threshold value is applied to the B1 map of the RF transmit coil in order to determine a sensitive region of the RF transmit coil. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the B1 map is normalized, and during the calculation of the value for the susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected, the B1 map is applied as spatial weighting to the Gs map. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein during the calculation of the complex weighting factor for scaling the pulse profile, the B0 map is taken into account. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein, during the calculation of the complex weighting factor for scaling the pulse profile, a k-space trajectory of the excitation pulse and the calculated time delays of the excitation pulses are taken into account. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the complex weighting factor comprises minimizing the product of a total system matrix with an optimized pulse profile minus a target magnetization. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein, at the start of the method, the method further comprises accessing a user-defined signal-to-noise ration (SNR) value that determines a degree of a possible signal loss due to the time delay, the user-defined SNR value being taken into account during the calculation of the time delay. ### Claim 13 A magnetic resonance system comprising: at least one gradient coil operable to generate a gradient field; at least two transmit coils, each transmit coil of the at least two transmit coils comprising with an RF transmit channel operable to generate radio-frequency pulses; and a controller configured to create an image data set of an area under examination using the magnetic resonance system, wherein at least one slice-selective excitation pulse with a prespecified pulse profile is applied to the area under examination during acquisition of image data by an imaging sequence, the controller being further configured to: access B1 maps that represent a spatial distribution of the sensitivity of the at least two RF transmit coils over the area under examination; access a Gs map that represents a spatial distribution of susceptibility magnetic field gradients in the area under examination; for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils, calculate a value for a susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected from the Gs map in combination with the B1 map of the RF transmit coil; for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils, calculate a time delay of the excitation pulse based on the susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected, a slice gradient to be applied during the excitation pulse, and an echo time of the imaging sequence; calculate a complex weighting factor for scaling a pulse profile for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils to achieve a maximally uniform deflection of the magnetization by the excitation pulse over the area under examination, wherein the calculation takes into account at least the B1 maps; and pass through the imaging sequence, wherein, during a simultaneous application of a slice gradient, the at least two RF transmit coils each emit an excitation pulse with the calculated time delay and with a pulse profile scaled according to the calculated complex weighting factors. ### Claim 14 In a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions executable by a magnetic resonance system to create an image data set of an area under examination, the magnetic resonance system comprising at least two RF transmit coils, wherein at least one slice-selective excitation pulse with a prespecified pulse profile is applied to the area under examination during acquisition of image data by an imaging sequence, the instructions comprising: accessing B1 maps that represent a spatial distribution of the sensitivity of the at least two RF transmit coils over the area under examination; accessing a Gs map that represents a spatial distribution of susceptibility magnetic field gradients in the area under examination; for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils, calculating a value for a susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected from the Gs map in combination with the B1 map of the RF transmit coil; for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils, calculating a time delay of the excitation pulse based on the susceptibility magnetic field gradient to be corrected, a slice gradient to be applied during the excitation pulse, and an echo time of the imaging sequence; calculating a complex weighting factor for scaling a pulse profile for each RF transmit coil of the at least two RF transmit coils to achieve an as uniform as possible deflection of the magnetization by the excitation pulse over the area under examination, wherein the calculation takes into account at least the B1 maps; and passing through the imaging sequence, wherein, during a simultaneous application of a slice gradient, the at least two RF transmit coils each emit an excitation pulse with the calculated time delay and with a pulse profile scaled according to the calculated complex weighting factors. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the Gs map is calculated from a B0 map that represents the spatial distribution of a main magnetic field inhomogeneity in the area under examination. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein for the calculation of the Gs map, a linear dependence of the susceptibility magnetic field gradient on the magnetic field inhomogeneity stored in the B0 map is assumed. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein accessing the Gs map comprises accessing a standard susceptibility distribution that is stored in a database for a body part to be examined. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein a person to be examined is positioned in the area under examination before the accessing of the B1 maps, and wherein before the accessing of the B1 maps, the instructions further comprise determining the B0 map, the B1 maps, or the B0 map and the B1 maps by B0 mapping methods, B1 mapping methods, or B0 mapping methods and B1 mapping methods, respectively.