# US 9,753,066 B2 · Methods and apparatus of analyzing electrical power grid data

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- Number: US 9,753,066 B2
- Document ID: US9753066B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/928,108
- Filed: 2013-06-26
- Published: 2013-12-26
- Granted: 2017-09-05
- Earliest claimed: 2012-06-26
- Assignees: Battelle Memorial Institute
- Applicants: Battelle Memorial Institute
- Inventors: Ryan P. Hafen; Terence J. Critchlow; Tara D. Gibson
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9753066B2

## CPC

- G01R 19/2513: {Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging}
- G01R 21/133: by using digital technique
- H02J 3/0012: characterised by the contingency detection means in AC networks, e.g. using phasor measurement units [PMU], synchrophasors or contingency analysis
- H02J 13/1337: {involving the use of Internet protocols}
- H02J 13/333: the equipment forming part of substations
- H02J 2103/30: Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks
- Y02E 40/70: Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
- Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y04S 10/00: Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S 10/22: Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
- Y04S 10/52: Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
- Y04S 40/20: Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

Apparatus and methods of processing large-scale data regarding an electrical power grid are described. According to one aspect, a method of processing large-scale data regarding an electrical power grid includes accessing a large-scale data set comprising information regarding an electrical power grid; processing data of the large-scale data set to identify a filter which is configured to remove erroneous data from the large-scale data set; using the filter, removing erroneous data from the large-scale data set; and after the removing, processing data of the large-scale data set to identify an event detector which is configured to identify events of interest in the large-scale data set.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of processing large-scale data regarding an electrical power grid, the method comprising:
accessing a large-scale data set comprising information regarding an electrical power grid;
processing data of the large-scale data set to identify a filter which is configured to remove erroneous data from the large-scale data set;
using the filter, removing erroneous data from the large-scale data set; and
after the removing, processing data of the large-scale data set to identify an event detector which is configured to identify events of interest in the large-scale data set.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising applying the event detector to the large-scale data set to identify the events of interest.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the processing to identify the filter comprises processing a data subset of the large-scale data set, the removing comprises applying the filter to the data subset, and the processing to identify the event detector comprises processing the data subset.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3 further comprising applying the filter to the large-scale data set and applying the event detector to the large-scale data set after the applying the filter to the large-scale data set.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the processing to identify the filter comprises:
defining an initial filter;
applying the initial filter to the data,
using results of the applying, revising the initial filter; and
applying the revised filter to the data.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising identifying a data subset of the large-scale data set, and wherein the processing to identify the filter comprises processing the data of the data subset by:
defining parameters of the filter using the data subset;
applying the filter to the data subset; and
adjusting the parameters using results of the applying.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6 further comprising generating statistics regarding a characteristic of the electrical power grid, and the defining parameters comprises defining the parameters using the statistics.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6 wherein one of the parameters comprises a threshold of a length of time for a frequency provided by a phasor measurement unit (PMU) to be non-varying and indicative of a type of the erroneous data.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising applying the event detector to a real-time data stream.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the information comprises time series data obtained from an electrical power grid.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the data is sensor data obtained from a plurality of sensors as a result of the sensors monitoring an electrical power grid.

### Claim 12

A method of defining a model to be used to process large-scale data regarding an electrical power grid, the method comprising:
accessing a large-scale data set comprising information regarding a characteristic of an electrical power grid;
identifying a data subset of the large-scale data set;
processing the data subset to provide statistics of the characteristic of the electrical power grid; and
using the statistics, defining a model which is configured to process the information regarding the characteristic of an electrical power grid of the large-scale data set.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the defining the model comprises:
specifying parameters of the model corresponding to the characteristic;
applying the model to the data subset; and
revising the parameters using results of the applying.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the defining the model comprises defining a filter configured to remove erroneous data from the large-scale data set.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14 further comprising removing erroneous data from the data subset using the filter, and further comprising defining an event detector configured to identify events of interest within the large-scale data set after the removing.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the defining the model comprises defining an event detector configured to identify events of interest using the information regarding the characteristic of the electrical power grid.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the large-scale data comprises information regarding the characteristic of the electrical power grid comprising frequency generated by a plurality of phasor measurement units (PMUs) monitoring the electrical power grid.

### Claim 18 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the processing comprises processing using distributed parallel processing, and further comprising, after the identifying, providing the data subset into a format suitable for distributed parallel processing.

### Claim 19

A method of processing large-scale data regarding an electrical power grid, the method comprising:
identifying events of interest and erroneous data in a data subset of a large-scale data set which comprises information regarding an electrical power grid;
using the identified erroneous data, developing a filter to identify and remove the erroneous data;
applying the filter to remove the erroneous data;
using the identified events of interest, developing an event detector to identify the events of interest; and
after the applying the filter, applying the event detector to identify the events of interest.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the developing the filter comprises defining a filter, applying the filter to the data subset, and revising the filter using results of the applying the filter to the data subset.

### Claim 21 (depends on 20)

The method of claim 20 wherein the developing the event detector comprises developing using the data subset.

### Claim 22 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the applyings of the filter and the event detector comprise applyings of the filter and the event detector to the large-scale data set.

### Claim 23 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the applyings of the filter and the event detector comprise applyings of the filter and the event detector to data in real time.

### Claim 24 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising storing the events of interest in a repository for subsequent access.