# US 9,752,458 B2 · System and method for a gas turbine engine

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- Number: US 9,752,458 B2
- Document ID: US9752458B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/553,458
- Filed: 2014-11-25
- Published: 2015-10-29
- Granted: 2017-09-05
- Earliest claimed: 2013-12-04
- Assignees: General Electric Company; ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company
- Applicants: General Electric Company; ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company
- Inventors: Richard A. Huntington; Sulabh K. Dhanuka
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9752458B2

## CPC

- F01D 25/30: Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
- F01D 25/305: {with fluid, e.g. liquid injection}
- F02C 3/34: with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
- F02C 6/00: Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C 6/18: using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants (using waste heat as source of energy for refrigeration plants F25B27/02; using the waste heat of a gasturbine for steam generation or in a steam cycle see F01K23/10)
- F02C 9/28: Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed (F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence)
- F05D 2220/32: in gas turbines
- F05D 2270/08: to produce clean exhaust gases
- F05D 2270/303: Temperature
- Y02E 20/16: Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02T 50/60: Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
- F01D: NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES (machines or engines for liquids F03; non-positive displacement pumps F04D)
- F02C: GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines F01D; jet-propulsion plants F02K; construction of compressors or fans F04; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants F25B11/00)
- F05D: INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A system includes a gas turbine engine configured to combust an oxidant and a fuel to generate an exhaust gas, a catalyst bed configured to treat a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine to generate a treated exhaust gas, a differential temperature monitor configured to monitor a differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and a second temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed, and an oxidant-to-fuel ratio system configured to adjust a parameter to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system, comprising:
a gas turbine engine configured to combust an oxidant and a fuel to generate an exhaust gas;
a catalyst bed configured to treat at least a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine to generate a treated exhaust gas;
a first differential temperature monitor configured to monitor a first differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and a second temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed;
an oxidant-to-fuel ratio system configured to adjust an oxidant flow rate of the oxidant and a fuel flow rate of the fuel to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the first differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio;
an oxidant injection system configured to inject a catalyst bed oxidant upstream of the catalyst bed, or an oxidant fuel injection system configured to inject an oxidation fuel upstream of the catalyst bed, or any combination thereof; and
a localized differential temperature monitor configured to monitor a localized differential temperature between the first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas and a localized outlet temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of an injection point of the catalyst bed oxidant, oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to adjust at least one of the oxidant flow rate, or the fuel flow rate, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on a comparison of the localized differential temperature with the first differential temperature.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first temperature is measured at an inlet of the catalyst bed and the second temperature is measured at an outlet of the catalyst bed.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising a plurality of catalyst beds, wherein the first temperature is measured at an inlet of one of the plurality of catalyst beds and the second temperature is measured at an outlet of one of the plurality of catalyst beds.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to maintain the first differential temperature between approximately zero degrees Celsius to 400 degrees Celsius.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to maintain the target equivalence ratio is between approximately 0.95 to 1.05.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) having the catalyst bed, wherein the HRSG is configured to generate steam using the portion of exhaust gas or the treated exhaust gas.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising a product conditioner having the catalyst bed, wherein the product conditioner is configured to treat the portion of exhaust gas.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The system of claim 7, wherein the product conditioner comprises a plurality of catalyst beds.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the plurality of catalyst beds comprises a first catalyst bed disposed upstream of a second catalyst bed, wherein the system comprises an oxidant injection system configured to inject a catalyst bed oxidant downstream of the first catalyst bed, and wherein the first catalyst bed comprises a NOx catalyst configured to reduce a concentration of NOx in the portion of exhaust gas.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising a gas composition sensor disposed downstream of the catalyst bed, wherein the gas composition sensor is configured to sense a gas concentration of at least one of oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides, or unburned hydrocarbons, or any combination thereof, and wherein the oxidant injection system is configured to adjust a catalyst bed oxidant flow rate of the catalyst bed oxidant, or a catalyst bed fuel flow rate of the oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on the gas concentration.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising an oxidant compressor configured to provide the oxidant to the gas turbine engine and the catalyst bed oxidant upstream of the catalyst bed.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, comprising an oxidant-to-fuel sensor configured to sense an oxidant-to-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas, wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to adjust at least one of the oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, or the fuel flow rate of the fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on the oxidant-to-fuel ratio.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the gas turbine engine is a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation (SEGR) gas turbine engine.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, comprising an exhaust gas extraction system coupled to the gas turbine engine, and a hydrocarbon production system coupled to the exhaust gas extraction system.

### Claim 15

A method, comprising:
combusting an oxidant and a fuel in a gas turbine engine to generate an exhaust gas;
treating a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine in a catalyst bed to generate a treated exhaust gas;
monitoring a first differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of the exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and a second temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed using a first differential temperature monitor;
adjusting a parameter to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the first differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio using an oxidant-to-fuel ratio system;
injecting a catalyst bed oxidant upstream of the catalyst bed using an oxidant injection system, or injecting an oxidation fuel upstream of the catalyst bed using an oxidation fuel injection system, or any combination thereof;
monitoring a localized differential temperature between an inlet temperature of the exhaust gas and a localized outlet temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of an injection point of the catalyst bed oxidant, the oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, using a localized differential temperature monitor; and
adjusting at least one of an oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, or a fuel flow rate of the fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on a comparison of the localized differential temperature with the first differential temperature.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein the parameter comprises at least one of the oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, the fuel flow rate of the fuel, an exhaust gas flow rate of the portion of exhaust gas, a recycle flow rate of exhaust gas recycled to the gas turbine engine, a temperature of the catalyst bed, a pressure of the catalyst bed, or a diluent flow rate of diluent to the catalyst bed, or any combination thereof.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, comprising at least one of adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate by adjusting a speed of the oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an inlet guide vane of the oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an inlet control valve of the oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an outlet control valve of the oxidant compressor, adjusting a recycle of oxidant from the oxidant compressor, or adjusting a blow-off of oxidant from the oxidant compressor, or any combination thereof.

### Claim 18

A system, comprising: a controller, comprising:
one or more tangible, non-transitory, machine-readable media collectively storing one or more sets of instructions; and
one or more processing devices configured to execute the one or more sets of instructions to:
combust an oxidant and a fuel in a gas turbine engine to generate an exhaust gas;
treat a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine in a catalyst bed to generate a treated exhaust gas;
monitor a first differential temperature between an inlet temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and an outlet temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed using a first differential temperature monitor;
transmit a first differential temperature signal from the first differential temperature monitor to a control system;
adjust a parameter to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the first differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio;
monitor a localized differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas and a localized outlet temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of an injection point, wherein the injection point is configured to inject a catalyst bed oxidant, or an oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, upstream of the catalyst bed; and
adjust at least one of an oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, or a fuel flow rate of the fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on a comparison of the localized differential temperature with the first differential temperature.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The system of claim 18, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to execute the one or more sets of instructions to increase the oxidant flow rate, decrease the fuel flow rate, or any combination thereof, when the localized temperature differential is greater than the first differential temperature, and to decrease the oxidant flow rate, increase the fuel flow rate, or any combination thereof, when the first differential temperature is greater than the localized temperature differential.