# US 9,752,288 B2 · Dual-unit paving system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,752,288 B2 - Document ID: US9752288B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/195,877 - Filed: 2016-06-28 - Published: 2016-12-15 - Granted: 2017-09-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-06-18 - Assignees: Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. - Applicants: Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. - Inventors: Stephane Dignard; John Penterman - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9752288B2 ## CPC - E01C 11/02: Arrangement or construction of joints {(for pavings consisting of prefabricated units E01C5/00)}; Methods of making joints {(machines therefor E01C23/02, E01C23/09; removable joint shutterings E01C23/021)}; Packing for joints (sealing joints not restricted to road or airfield paving E04B1/68) - B44F 9/04: of stone surfaces, e.g. marble - E01C 5/00: Pavings made of prefabricated single units (specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds E01C13/04, for footpaths, sidewalks or cycle tracks E01C15/00; making artificial stones C04B; building stones E04C; flooring E04F) - E01C 5/005: {Individual couplings or spacer elements for joining the prefabricated units (E01C5/10 takes precedence)} - E01C 5/06: made of units with cement or like binders - E01C 15/00: Pavings specially adapted for footpaths, sidewalks or cycle tracks - E04F 13/147: {with an outer layer imitating natural stone, brick work or the like} - E01C 2201/14: Puzzle-like connections - E04F 2201/09: Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts - E01C: CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR (forming roads or like surfaces by compacting or grading snow or ice E01H) - B44F: SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES - E04F: FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS (windows, doors E06B) ## Abstract Dual-unit paving systems for covering a surface. The system includes pairs of first and second units. For each pair, the first and second unit have different respective shapes and sizes, and are matingly engageable for forming a hexagonal assembly having six, non-linear sides. The hexagonal assembly includes forming rotational tessellations. The first and second units are also shaped and matingly engageable so as to form horizontally aligned tessellations, as well as vertically aligned tessellations. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A dual-unit paving system for covering a surface, the system comprising: a plurality of pairs, each pair comprising a first unit and a second unit, wherein for each pair: the first unit has a lower face for facing the ground, an exposed upper face, and sidewalls extending from the lower face, the sidewalls of the first unit including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side; the second unit has a lower face for facing the ground, an exposed upper face, and sidewalls extending from the lower face, the sidewalls of the second unit including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side, the second unit having a shape different from a shape of the first unit; the bottom side of the first unit has a non-linear, irregular outline matingly engageable with an outline of the top side of the second unit for forming a hexagonal assembly having six non-linear sides, the hexagonal assembly allowing to form rotational tessellations; wherein when the first unit and the second unit of a pair are facing one another to form the hexagonal assembly, adjacent sides of the hexagonal assembly are spaced apart by an angle of approximately 120°. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 1, wherein the outline of the top side of the second unit comprises a portion which is a vertical translation of the outline of the bottom side of the second unit. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 1, wherein the outline of the bottom side of the first unit comprises a portion which is a vertical translation of the outline of the top side of the first unit. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 1, wherein the outline of the bottom side of the first unit is a vertical translation of the outline of the top side of the first unit and of adjacent segments of the right side and the left side of the first unit. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 1, wherein the respective outlines of the top side of the second unit and of the bottom side of the first unit are similar and referred to as a separation outline, wherein the separation outline comprises two outer portions and one inner portion, the inner portion having an outline similar to the bottom side of the second unit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 1, wherein the respective outlines of the top side of the second unit and of the bottom side of the first unit are similar and referred to as a separation outline, wherein when the first unit and the second unit of a pair are engaged to form the hexagonal assembly, the hexagonal assembly has first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth consecutive vertices, the separation outline extending from near the first vertex to near the fourth vertex. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first unit and the second unit has an upper, exposed face comprising two or more different patterns. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 7, wherein the patterns are flagstone patterns. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 8, wherein the patterns are delimited by deep joints or by color. ### Claim 10 A dual-unit paving system for covering a surface, the system comprising: a plurality of pairs, each pair comprising a first unit and a second unit, wherein for each pair: the first unit has a lower face for facing the ground, an exposed upper face, and sidewalls extending from the lower face, the sidewalls of the first unit including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side; the second unit has a lower face for facing the ground, an exposed upper face, and sidewalls extending from the lower face, the sidewalls of the second unit including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side, the second unit having a shape different from a shape of the first unit; the bottom side of the first unit has a non-linear, irregular outline matingly engageable with an outline of the top side of the second unit for forming a hexagonal assembly having six non-linear sides, the hexagonal assembly allowing to form rotational tessellations; wherein when the first unit and the second unit of a pair are facing one another to form the hexagonal assembly, the six non-linear sides of the hexagonal assembly are congruent. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 10, wherein the outline of the top side of the second unit comprises a portion which is a vertical translation of the outline of the bottom side of the second unit. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 10, wherein the outline of the bottom side of the first unit comprises a portion which is a vertical translation of the outline of the top side of the first unit. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 10, wherein the outline of the bottom side of the first unit is a vertical translation of the outline of the top side of the first unit and of adjacent segments of the right side and the left side of the first unit. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 10, wherein the respective outlines of the top side of the second unit and of the bottom side of the first unit are similar and referred to as a separation outline, wherein the separation outline comprises two outer portions and one inner portion, the inner portion having an outline similar to the bottom side of the second unit. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 10, wherein the respective outlines of the top side of the second unit and of the bottom side of the first unit are similar and referred to as a separation outline, wherein when the first unit and the second unit of a pair are engaged to form the hexagonal assembly, the hexagonal assembly has first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth consecutive vertices, the separation outline extending from near the first vertex to near the fourth vertex. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 10, wherein at least one of the first unit and the second unit has an upper, exposed face comprising two or more different patterns. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 16, wherein the patterns are flagstone patterns. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 17, wherein the patterns are delimited by deep joints or by color. ### Claim 19 A dual-unit paving system for covering a surface, the system comprising: a plurality of pairs, each pair comprising a first unit and a second unit, wherein for each pair: the first unit has a lower face for facing the ground, an exposed upper face, and sidewalls extending from the lower face, the sidewalls of the first unit including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side; the second unit has a lower face for facing the ground, an exposed upper face, and sidewalls extending from the lower face, the sidewalls of the second unit including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side, the second unit having a shape different from a shape of the first unit; the bottom side of the first unit has a non-linear, irregular outline matingly engageable with an outline of the top side of the second unit for forming a hexagonal assembly having six non-linear sides, the hexagonal assembly allowing to form rotational tessellations; wherein when the first unit and the second unit of a pair are facing one another to form the hexagonal assembly, two adjacent sides of the hexagonal assembly comprise a convex side and a concave side. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 19, wherein the outline of the top side of the second unit comprises a portion which is a vertical translation of the outline of the bottom side of the second unit. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 19, wherein the outline of the bottom side of the first unit comprises a portion which is a vertical translation of the outline of the top side of the first unit. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 19, wherein the outline of the bottom side of the first unit is a vertical translation of the outline of the top side of the first unit and of adjacent segments of the right side and the left side of the first unit. ### Claim 23 (depends on 19) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 19, wherein the respective outlines of the top side of the second unit and of the bottom side of the first unit are similar and referred to as a separation outline, wherein the separation outline comprises two outer portions and one inner portion, the inner portion having an outline similar to the bottom side of the second unit. ### Claim 24 (depends on 19) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 19, wherein the respective outlines of the top side of the second unit and of the bottom side of the first unit are similar and referred to as a separation outline, wherein when the first unit and the second unit of a pair are engaged to form the hexagonal assembly, the hexagonal assembly has first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth consecutive vertices, the separation outline extending from near the first vertex to near the fourth vertex. ### Claim 25 (depends on 19) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 19, wherein at least one of the first unit and the second unit has an upper, exposed face comprising two or more different patterns. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 25, wherein the patterns are flagstone patterns. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The dual-unit paving system according to claim 26, wherein the patterns are delimited by deep joints or by color.