# US 9,752,053 B2 · Barrier layer stacks and methods and compositions thereof

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- Number: US 9,752,053 B2
- Document ID: US9752053B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/424,447
- Filed: 2013-08-30
- Published: 2015-07-23
- Granted: 2017-09-05
- Earliest claimed: 2012-08-31
- Assignees: Vitriflex, Inc.
- Applicants: Vitriflex, Inc.
- Inventors: Ravi Prasad
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9752053B2

## CPC

- C09D 175/04: Polyurethanes
- B05D 3/0254: {After-treatment}
- B05D 5/00: Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B32B 15/082: comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
- B32B 15/092: comprising epoxy resins
- B32B 15/095: comprising polyurethanes
- B32B 15/20: comprising aluminium or copper {(B32B15/016 and B32B15/017 take precedence)}
- C09D 133/08: Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
- C09D 163/00: Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
- F16J 15/102: {characterised by material}
- F16J 15/108: {Special methods for making a non-metallic packing}
- B32B 2307/412: Transparent
- B32B 2307/702: Amorphous
- B32B 2307/7242: Non-permeable
- B32B 2439/70: Food packaging
- B32B 2439/80: Medical packaging
- B32B 2457/00: Electrical equipment
- Y02E 10/50: Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y10T 428/1379: Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
- Y10T 428/24612: Composite web or sheet
- Y10T 428/265: 1 mil or less
- Y10T 428/31511: Of epoxy ether
- Y10T 428/31529: Next to metal
- Y10T 428/31551: Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T 428/31605: Next to free metal
- Y10T 428/31699: Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
- Y10T 428/31938: Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon
- C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D)
- B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02)
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- F16J: PISTONS {(specially adapted for dampers F16F9/32)}; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A barrier layer stack is described. The barrier layer stack includes: (i) a barrier material including defects; (ii) a seal covering the defects of the barrier material; and (iii) wherein, in an operational state of the barrier layer stack, presence of the seal reduces or prevents diffusion of vapor and/or gas molecules through the defects of the barrier material.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A barrier layer stack, comprising:
a barrier material including defects;
a seal completely covering said defects of said barrier material, wherein said defects include recesses inside barrier material and a substantial amount of said seal does not protrude inside said recesses; and
wherein, in an operational state of said barrier layer stack, presence of said seal reduces or prevents diffusion of vapor and/or gas molecules through said recesses inside said barrier material.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein said seal has a thickness that ranges from a value that is between about 0.1 μm and about 10 μm.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein said seal includes at least one member chosen from a group comprising acrylates, epoxies and polyurethanes.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein said seal includes a polymer and/or a substantially inorganic material.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein the thickness of said barrier material is between about 10 nm and about 1 μm.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein said barrier material layer is substantially transparent.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein said barrier material is an inorganic layer that includes at least one member chosen from a group comprising a metal, a metal oxide, a metal nitride, a metal oxy-nitride, a metal carbo-nitride, and a metal oxy-carbide.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The barrier layer stack of claim 7, wherein said inorganic barrier layer includes at least one member chosen from a group comprising aluminum, silver, silicon, zinc, tin, titanium, tantalum, niobium, ruthenium, gallium, platinum, vanadium and indium.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The barrier layer stack of claim 1, wherein said barrier material includes two barrier layers, and a reactive layer is sandwiched between said two barrier layers.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The barrier layer stack of claim 9, wherein each of said one or more barrier layers is made from one or more amorphous materials.

### Claim 11

A device assembly comprising:
an underlying device; and
an encapsulant at least partially encapsulating said underlying device, and said encapsulant including:
a barrier material including defects;
a seal completely covering said defects of said barrier material, wherein said defects include recesses inside barrier material and a substantial amount of said seal does not protrude inside said recesses; and
wherein, in an operational state of said barrier layer stack, presence of said seal reduces or prevents diffusion of vapor and/or gas molecules through said recesses inside said barrier material.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The device assembly of claim 11, wherein said device assembly includes any one member chosen from a group comprising a solar module, a light generating module, a light -emitting diode display, an electrolytic cell and a reflective display module.

### Claim 13

A preserving packaging comprising:
an object that is sensitive to vapor and/or gas molecules; and
an encapsulant at least partially encapsulating said object, and said encapsulant including:
a barrier material including defects;
a seal completely covering said defects of said barrier material, wherein said defects include recesses inside barrier material and a substantial amount of said seal does not protrude inside said recesses; and
wherein, in an operational state of said barrier layer stack, presence of said seal reduces or prevents diffusion of vapor and/or gas molecules through said recesses inside said barrier material.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The preserving packaging of claim 13, wherein said object includes one member chosen from a group comprising food product, medical supply and biologically active material.

### Claim 15

A composition of a barrier layer stack, comprising:
a barrier material having defects which allow transport of gases and/or vapor, and said barrier material including at least one member chosen from a group comprising metal, metal oxide, metal nitride, metal oxy-nitride, metal carbo-nitride, and metal oxy-carbide -nitride; and
a non-conformal seal including a polymeric material that is at least one member chosen from a group comprising acrylates, epoxies and polyurethanes.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The composition of claim 15, wherein said barrier material has a concentration that is between about 1% (by weight) and about 99% (by weight).

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The composition of claim 15, wherein said seal has a concentration that is between about 1% (by weight) and about 99% (by weight).