# US 9,751,416 B2 · Generating energy transaction plans > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,751,416 B2 - Document ID: US9751416B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/139,565 - Filed: 2008-06-16 - Published: 2009-12-17 - Granted: 2017-09-05 - Earliest claimed: 2008-06-16 - Assignees: International Business Machines Corporation - Applicants: James Lee Hafner; Melissa Wiltsey O'Mara; Paul Stuart Williamson - Inventors: James Lee Hafner; Melissa Wiltsey O'Mara; Paul Stuart Williamson - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9751416B2 ## CPC - B60L 53/68: Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control - B60L 8/003: {Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems} - B60L 53/30: Constructional details of charging stations - B60L 53/305: {Communication interfaces} - B60L 53/62: in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge - B60L 53/65: involving identification of vehicles or their battery types - B60L 53/66: Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles - B60L 53/665: {Methods related to measuring, billing or payment} - B60L 53/67: Controlling two or more charging stations - B60L 55/00: Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements - G06Q 10/0637: Strategic management or analysis, e.g. setting a goal or target of an organisation; Planning actions based on goals; Analysis or evaluation of effectiveness of goals - G06Q 40/00: Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes - G07F 15/005: {dispensed for the electrical charging of vehicles (electrical charging as such, B60L50/00)} - G07F 15/008: {Rewarding for providing delivery of electricity to the network} - B60L 2270/36: of vehicles - Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors - Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations - Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles - Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles - Y02T 90/167: Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV] - Y04S 10/126: the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G] - Y04S 30/14: Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - G07F: COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS (coin sorting G07D3/00; coin testing G07D5/00; {handling coins or paper currencies apart from payment activated apparatus G07D; payment architectures, schemes or protocols G06Q20/00}) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION - Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS ## Abstract A computer implemented method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating an energy transaction plan to manage an electric vehicle charging transaction. The energy transaction planner identifies an electric vehicle associated with a charging station and a set of principals associated with a charging transaction for the electric vehicle. The charging transaction is a transaction associated with at least one of charging the electric vehicle, storing electric power in an electric storage mechanism associated with the electric vehicle, and de-charging the electric vehicle. The energy transaction planner receives charging transaction information. The charging transaction information comprises requirements, constraints, and preferences applicable to the charging transaction. The energy transaction planner generates an energy transaction plan based on the charging transaction information. The energy transaction plan comprises terms for governing all aspects of the charging transaction. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computer implemented method of generating an energy transaction plan for controlling aspects of an electric vehicle charging transaction, the computer implemented method comprising: identifying, by a processor in the computer, an electric vehicle associated with a charging station and a set of principals associated with a charging transaction for the electric vehicle, wherein a principal in the set of principals is an entity having an interest in the charging transaction for the electric vehicle including an owner and an operator the electric vehicle and wherein the charging transaction is a transaction associated with at least one of charging the electric vehicle, storing electric power in an electric storage mechanism associated with the electric vehicle, and de-charging the electric vehicle; receiving charging transaction information, by the processor in the computer, wherein the charging transaction information comprises requirements, constraints, and preferences applicable to the charging transaction, wherein the preferences comprise at least one user-selected preference having a type specified as one of static, effective until an associated preference changes; dynamic, requiring user input of a value in real time; and temporary, effective for a predetermined period of time, with the preferences used to manage, govern, and control one or more aspects of the electric vehicle charging transaction so as to minimize, maximize, or optimize the aspects, and further the preferences are maintained in a vehicle preference service comprised of a software component for creating, managing, storing, requesting, updating, deleting, and retrieving the preferences according to the energy transaction plan; identifying, by the processor in the computer, a weighting value associated with each preference, wherein the weighting value indicates a priority of each preference relative to other preferences and determines an extent to which an associated preference is minimized, maximized, or optimized; generating, by the processor in the computer, an energy transaction plan to control all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle based on the charging transaction information, wherein the energy transaction plan comprises an identification of the electric vehicle, an identification of a principal in the set of principals to pay for the charging transaction, an identification of at least one electric power provider associated with the charging transaction, an owner of the charging station, charging transaction time driven event sequences that indicate the electric flow direction relative to the electric vehicle and rate of flow at each of a time mark and that specifies start and end times for the charging transaction and controls each of charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle, and includes terms of the charging transaction to account for each of charging, discharging, and storing electric power, and further the energy transaction plan maximizes, minimizes, or optimizes each preference in accordance with the weighting value assigned to each preference, to control charging, discharging, and storing electric power; and starting, conducting, and ending charging of the electric vehicle charging transaction using the processor in the computer configured to execute the generated energy transaction plan to control all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein the charging transaction information comprises a set of preferences for the set of principals, wherein the set of preferences comprises a subset of preferences for each principal in the set of principals, wherein a preference in the set of preferences specifies a parameter of the charging transaction that is to be minimized, maximized, or optimized. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein the charging transaction information comprises current state information describing a current state of one or more devices associated with the electric vehicle and the charging station. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein the charging transaction information comprises device capabilities information, wherein the device capabilities information describes capabilities of devices associated with at least one of the electric vehicle and the charging station. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein the charging transaction time driven event sequences comprises information identifying time intervals for at least one of charging the electric vehicle, discharging the electric vehicle, storing electricity in the electric vehicle, and rates of electricity flow between the charging station and the electric vehicle during the charging of the electric vehicle or discharging of the electric vehicle. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein the energy transaction plan further comprises net financial results of the charging transaction, wherein the net financial results indicate parties that will get paid, amounts of payments to be made, an amount of electricity provided to the electric vehicle from an electric grid, and the amount of electricity provided to the electric grid from the electric vehicle. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein the energy transaction plan further comprises information describing incentives associated with the charging transaction, wherein an incentive is a benefit or reward. ### Claim 8 A computer implemented method of generating an energy transaction plan for controlling aspects of an electric vehicle charging transaction, the computer implemented method comprising: identifying, by a processor in the computer, an electric vehicle associated with a charging station and a set of principals associated with a charging transaction for the electric vehicle, wherein a principal in the set of principals is an entity having an interest in the charging transaction for the electric vehicle including an owner and an operator of the electric vehicle, and wherein the charging transaction is a transaction associated with at least one of charging the electric vehicle, storing electric power in an electric storage mechanism associated with the electric vehicle, and de-charging the electric vehicle; receiving, by the processor in the computer, a set of preferences for the set of principals, wherein the set of preferences comprises a subset of preferences for each principal in the set of principals, wherein a preference in the set of preferences specifies a parameter of the charging transaction that is to be minimized, maximized, or optimized, and wherein the preferences comprise at least one user-selected preference having a type specified as one of static, effective until an associated preference changes; dynamic requiring user input of a value in real time; and temporary, effective for a predetermined period of time, and further the preferences are maintained in a vehicle preference service comprised of a software component for creating, managing, storing, requesting, updating, deleting, and retrieving the preferences according to the energy transaction plan; identifying, by the processor in the computer, a weighting value associated with each preference in the set of preferences, wherein the weighting value indicates a priority of each preference relative to other preferences in the set of preferences and determines an extent to which an associated preference is minimized, maximized, or optimized; and generating, by the processor in the computer, an energy transaction plan to control all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle based on the set of preferences, wherein the energy transaction plan comprises a set of terms for governing aspects of the charging transaction based on the set of preferences, and the energy transaction plan maximizes, minimizes, or optimizes each preference in accordance with the weighting value, and wherein the charging transaction is implemented and completed in accordance with the terms of the charging transaction to start, conduct, and end charging of the electric vehicle using the processor in the computer configured to execute the generated energy transaction plan; wherein the energy transaction plan includes charging transaction time driven event sequences that indicate the electric flow direction relative to the electric vehicle and rate of flow at each of a time mark and that specifies start and end times for the charging transaction and controls each of charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The computer implemented method of claim 8 further comprising: receiving device capabilities information for the electric vehicle and the charging station, wherein the energy transaction plan is generated based on the set of preferences and the device capabilities information. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The computer implemented method of claim 8 further comprising: receiving current state information for the electric vehicle and the charging station, wherein the energy transaction plan is generated based on the set of preferences and the current state information. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The computer implemented method of claim 8 further comprising: sending a request for the set of preferences to a set of energy preference services, wherein the set of energy preference services sends preferences for the set of principals that are responsive to the request to an energy transaction planner to form the set of preferences. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The computer implemented method of claim 8 wherein the energy transaction plan is generated by an energy transaction planner comprising one of: a computing device in the electric vehicle; or a remote computing device. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The computer implemented method of claim 8 wherein the energy transaction plan comprises an identification of the electric vehicle, an identification of a principal in the set of principals to pay for the charging transaction, an identification of at least one electric power provider associated with the charging transaction, an owner of the charging station, charging transaction time driven event sequences, and terms of the charging transaction. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The computer implemented method of claim 8 wherein each principal in the set of principals is selected from a group consisting of an operator of the electric vehicle, an owner of the electric vehicle, an owner of a charging station, an operator of the charging station, an electric power provider of the owner of the electric vehicle, an electric power provider of the operator of the electric vehicle, an electric power provider of the owner of the charging station, a financial institution, and a third party broker. ### Claim 15 A computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer recordable storage medium including computer readable program code stored thereon, when executed by a processor of the computer, for controlling aspects of an electric vehicle charging transaction, said computer program product comprising: computer readable program code for identifying an electric vehicle associated with a charging station and a set of principals associated with a charging transaction for the electric vehicle, wherein a principal in the set of principals is an entity having an interest in the charging transaction for the electric vehicle including an owner and an operator of the electric vehicle, and wherein the charging transaction is a transaction associated with at least one of charging the electric vehicle, storing electric power in an electric storage mechanism associated with the electric vehicle, and de-charging the electric vehicle; computer readable program code for receiving charging transaction information, wherein the charging transaction information comprises requirements, constraints, and preferences applicable to the charging transaction, wherein the preferences comprise at least one user-selected preference having a type specified as one of static, effective until an associated preference changes; dynamic requiring user input of a value in real time; and temporary, effective for a predetermined period of time, with the preferences used to manage, govern, and control one or more aspects of the electric vehicle charging transaction so as to minimize, maximize, or optimize the aspect, and further the preferences are maintained in a vehicle preference service comprised of a software component for creating, managing, storing, requesting, updating, deleting, and retrieving the preferences according to the energy transaction plan; computer readable program code for identifying a weighting value associated with each preference, wherein the weighting value indicates a priority of each preference relative to other preferences and determines an extent to which an associated preference is minimized, maximized, or optimized; and computer readable program code for generating an energy transaction plan to control all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle based on the charging transaction information, wherein the energy transaction plan comprises an identification of the electric vehicle, an identification of a principal in the set of principals to pay for the charging transaction, an identification of at least one electric power provider associated with the charging transaction, an owner of the charging station, charging transaction time driven event sequences that indicate the electric flow direction relative to the electric vehicle and rate of flow at each of a time mark that specifies start and end times for the charging transaction and controls each of charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle, and includes terms of the charging transaction, and the energy transaction plan maximizes, minimizes, or optimizes each preference in accordance with the weighting value assigned to each preference, to control charging, discharging, and storing electric power; and computer readable program code for starting, conducting, and ending charging of the electric vehicle charging transaction using a computer processor configured with program code to execute the generated energy transaction plan to control all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The computer program product of claim 15 wherein the charging transaction information comprises at least one of a set of preferences for the set of principals, wherein the set of preferences comprises a subset of preferences for each principal in the set of principals, wherein a preference in the set of preferences specifies a parameter of the charging transaction that is to be minimized, maximized, or optimized. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The computer program product of claim 15 wherein the charging transaction time driven event sequences comprises information identifying time intervals for at least one of charging the electric vehicle, discharging the electric vehicle, storing electricity in the electric vehicle, and rates of electricity flow between the charging station and the electric vehicle during the charging of the electric vehicle or discharging of the electric vehicle. ### Claim 18 A computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer recordable storage medium including computer readable program code stored thereon, when executed by a processor of the computer, for controlling aspects of an electric vehicle charging transaction, said computer program product comprising: computer readable program code for identifying an electric vehicle associated with a charging station and a set of principals associated with a charging transaction for the electric vehicle, wherein a principal in the set of principals is an entity having an interest in the charging transaction for the electric vehicle including an owner and an operator of the electric vehicle, and wherein the charging transaction is a transaction associated with at least one of charging the electric vehicle, storing electric power in an electric storage mechanism associated with the electric vehicle, and de-charging the electric vehicle; computer readable program code for receiving a set of preferences for the set of principals, wherein the set of preferences comprises a subset of preferences for each principal in the set of principals, wherein a preference in the set of preferences specifies a parameter of the charging transaction that is to be minimized, maximized, or optimized, and wherein the preferences comprise at least one user-selected preference having a type specified as one of static, effective until an associated preference changes; dynamic requiring user input of a value in real time; and temporary, effective for a predetermined period of time and further the preferences are maintained in a vehicle preference service comprised of a software component for creating, managing, storing, requesting, updating, deleting, and retrieving the preferences according to the energy transaction plan; computer readable program code for identifying a weighting value associated with each preference in the set of preferences, wherein the weighting value indicates a priority of each preference relative to other preferences in the set of preferences and determines an extent to which an associated preference is minimized, maximized, or optimized; computer readable program code for generating an energy transaction plan to control all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle based on the set of preferences, wherein the energy transaction plan comprises a set of terms for governing aspects of the charging transaction based on the set of preferences, and the energy transaction plan maximizes, minimizes, or optimizes each preference in accordance with the weighting value, and wherein the charging transaction is implemented and completed in accordance with the terms of the charging transaction to start, conduct, and end charging of the electric vehicle using the processor of the computer configured to execute the generated energy transaction plan; wherein the energy transaction plan includes charging transaction time driven event sequences that indicate the electric flow direction relative to the electric vehicle and rate of flow at each of a time mark and that specifies start and end times for the charging transaction and controls each of charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The computer program product of claim 18 wherein the energy transaction plan comprises an identification of the electric vehicle, an identification of a principal in the set of principals to pay for the charging transaction, an identification of at least one electric power provider associated with the charging transaction, an owner of the charging station, charging transaction time driven event sequences, and terms of the charging transaction. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The computer program product of claim 18 further comprising: computer usable program code for receiving device capabilities information for the electric vehicle and the charging station, wherein the energy transaction plan is generated based on the set of preferences and the device capabilities information. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) The computer program product of claim 18 further comprising: computer usable program code for receiving current state information for the electric vehicle and the charging station, wherein the energy transaction plan is generated based on the set of preferences and the current state information. ### Claim 22 A system for generating an energy transaction plan to govern an electric vehicle charging transaction, the system comprising: a system bus; one or more memory elements coupled to the system bus, having stored thereon computer readable program code; one or more processors coupled to the system bus wherein the one or more processors execute the computer usable program code to direct the system to: identify, using a principal identifier, a set of principals associated with a charging transaction for an electric vehicle, wherein a principal in the set of principals is an entity having an interest in the charging transaction for the electric vehicle including an owner and an operator of the electric vehicle, and wherein the charging transaction is a transaction associated with at least one of charging the electric vehicle, storing electric power in an electric storage mechanism associated with the electric vehicle, and de-charging the electric vehicle; receive, using an energy transaction planner, charging transaction information from a set of sources, wherein the charging transaction information comprises requirements, constraints, and preferences applicable to the charging transaction, wherein the preferences manage, govern, and control one or more aspects of the electric vehicle charging transaction so as to minimize, maximize, or optimize the aspect and a weighting value is associated with each preference, wherein the weighting value indicates a priority of each preference relative to other preferences and determines an extent to which an associated preference is minimized, maximized, or optimized, and generate an energy transaction plan, using the energy transaction planner, based on the charging transaction information, and wherein the preferences further comprise at least one user-selected preference having a type of one of static, effective until an associated preference changes; dynamic requiring user input of a value in real time; and temporary, effective for a predetermined period of time and are maintained in a vehicle preference service comprised of a software component for creating, managing, storing, requesting, updating, deleting, and retrieving the preferences according to the energy transaction plan, wherein the energy transaction plan controls all aspects of the charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle and comprises an identification of the electric vehicle, an identification of a principal in the set of principals to pay for the charging transaction, an identification of at least one electric power provider associated with the charging transaction, an owner of a charging station, charging transaction time driven event sequences that indicate the electric flow direction relative the electric vehicle and rate of flow at each of a time mark with start and end times for charging, discharging, and storing operations with the electric vehicle, a determination of the extent to which each preference is maximized, minimized, or optimize according to the weighting value, and terms of the charging transaction that comprises charging, storing, and de-charging. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The system of claim 22 wherein the one or more processors executes the computer usable program code to further direct the system to: send, using an energy preference service, a set of preferences for the set of principals to the energy transaction planner to form the charging transaction information, wherein the set of preferences comprises a subset of preferences for each principal in the set of principals, and wherein a preference in the set of preferences specifies a parameter of the charging transaction that is to be minimized, maximized, or optimized. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) The system of claim 22 wherein the one or more processors executes the computer usable program code to further direct the system to: send, using a device capabilities service, device capabilities information for the electric vehicle and the charging station to the energy transaction planner to form the charging transaction information, wherein the energy transaction plan is generated based on the device capabilities information. ### Claim 25 (depends on 22) The system of claim 22 wherein the one or more processors executes the computer usable program code to further direct the system to: send, using a current state device, current state information for the electric vehicle and the charging station to the energy transaction planner to form the charging transaction information, wherein the energy transaction plan is generated based on the current state information.