# US 9,751,278 B2 · Multi-axial fabrics, polymer-fiber laminates, and bodies incorporating same for connecting applications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,751,278 B2 - Document ID: US9751278B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/441,250 - Filed: 2013-11-25 - Published: 2015-10-15 - Granted: 2017-09-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-11-26 - Assignees: OCV Intellectual Capital, LLC - Applicants: OCV Intellectual Capital, LLC - Inventors: Georg Adolphs; Lihua Liu; Christopher John Skinner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9751278B2 ## CPC - B32B 5/026: {Knitted fabric} - B32B 5/02: characterised by structural features of a {fibrous or filamentary} layer {(layer formed of metallic wires B32B15/02; layer formed of natural mineral fibres B32B19/02; layer formed of wood fibres B32B21/02)} - B32B 5/024: {Woven fabric} - B32B 5/06: characterised by a fibrous {or filamentary} layer {mechanically connected, e.g. by needling} to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper - B32B 5/08: the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances {, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres} - B32B 5/10: characterised by a fibrous {or filamentary} layer reinforced with filaments - B32B 5/12: characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of {different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other} - D04B 21/20: specially adapted for knitting articles of particular configuration - B32B 2262/02: Synthetic macromolecular fibres - B32B 2262/0269: Aromatic polyamide fibres - B32B 2262/101: Glass fibres - B32B 2262/106: Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres - B32B 2597/00: Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes - B32B 2603/00: Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades - Y02E 10/72: Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction - B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM - D04B: KNITTING - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract Multi-axial fabrics (including hybrid, multi-axial fabrics) and polymer-fiber laminates are disclosed. Bodies (e.g., cylindrical and/or flanged bodies) incorporating the fabrics and/or laminates are also disclosed. The bodies exhibit improved performance and/or reduced costs for connecting applications. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A hybrid, multi-axial fabric comprising: a plurality of reinforcing fibers includes a plurality of first fibers, a plurality of second fibers, and a plurality of third fibers; wherein the first fibers have a first orientation within the fabric; wherein the second fibers have a second orientation within the fabric, the second orientation differing from the first orientation by a first offset; wherein the third fibers have a third orientation within the fabric, the third orientation differing from the first orientation by a second offset; wherein the first fibers include a plurality of fourth fibers and a plurality of fifth fibers; wherein an elastic modulus of the fourth fibers differs from an elastic modulus of the fifth fibers; wherein the fourth fibers account for between 10 wt % to 40 wt % of the first fibers; and wherein the fifth fibers account for between 60 wt % to 90 wt % of the first fibers. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the hybrid, multi-axial fabric is a unitary fabric including the reinforcing fibers. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the hybrid, multi-axial fabric is formed from a first fabric and a second fabric; wherein the first fabric includes the first fibers; and wherein the second fabric includes the second fibers and the third fibers. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 3, wherein the first fabric and the second fabric are stitched together. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the hybrid, multi-axial fabric is formed from a first fabric, a second fabric, and a third fabric; wherein the first fabric includes the first fibers; wherein the second fabric includes the second fibers; and wherein the third fabric includes the third fibers. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 5, wherein the first fabric, the second fabric, and the third fabric are stitched together. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is approximately x−10° and the second offset is approximately x+10°. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is approximately x−15° and the second offset is approximately x+15°. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is approximately x−20° and the second offset is approximately x+20°. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is approximately x−25° and the second offset is approximately x+25°. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is approximately x−30° and the second offset is approximately x+30°. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is approximately x−45° and the second offset is approximately x+45°. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is between x−10° and x−30° and the second offset is between x+10° and x+30°. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is x; and wherein the first offset is between x−5° and x−45° and the second offset is between x+5° and x+45°. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is 0°. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the first orientation is 90°. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein an absolute value of the first offset is different from an absolute value of the second offset. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers are selected from the group consisting of polymer fibers, carbon fibers, aramide fibers, and glass fibers. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein the fourth fibers are H-type glass fibers and the fifth fibers are E-CR-type glass fibers. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The hybrid, multi-axial fabric of claim 1, wherein a tensile strength of the fourth fibers differs from a tensile strength of the fifth fibers.