# US 9,750,787 B2 · Memory or learning improvement using peptide and other compositions > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,750,787 B2 - Document ID: US9750787B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/096,073 - Filed: 2013-12-04 - Published: 2014-09-18 - Granted: 2017-09-05 - Earliest claimed: 2013-03-13 - Assignees: Transdermal Biotechnology, Inc. - Applicants: Transdermal Biotechnology, Inc. - Inventors: Nicholas V. Perricone - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9750787B2 ## CPC - A61K 38/22: Hormones (derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin A61K38/33, e.g. corticotropin A61K38/35) - A61K 9/0014: {Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions (non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00; A61K9/0009, A61K9/0021, A61K9/7015, A61K9/7023 take precedence; cosmetic preparations A61K8/00, A61Q; preparations for wound dressings or bandages A61L26/00)} - A61K 9/107: Emulsions {; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles (composition of emulsions A61K47/00)} - A61K 31/685: one of the hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. phosphatidylserine, lecithin - A61K 33/00: Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients - A61P 25/16: Anti-Parkinson drugs - A61P 25/28: for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia - A61K 47/14: Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters - A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D) - A61P: SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS ## Abstract The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for topical or transdermal delivery, including treatment and prevention of learning and memory disorders, and enhancement of learning or memory. In some cases, the composition may include nitric oxide and/or peptides such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and/or GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). The nitric oxide and/or peptide may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other structures containing nitric oxide and/or peptide. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method, comprising: administering, to the skin of a subject to improve the subject's memory or learning, a composition comprising an effective amount of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and molecular nitric oxide to improve the subject's memory or learning, and a carrier having a phosphatidylcholine component entrapping the nitric oxide, wherein the composition is stable at room temperature. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises vasopressin. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the molecular nitric oxide is present within the carrier as a gas or bound by hydrogen bonds or van der Waals forces. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the phosphatidylcholine carrier stabilizes the nitric oxide at a temperature at or lower than 80° C. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a liquid crystal structure comprising the phosphatidylcholine. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein at least a portion of the liquid crystal structure is multilamellar. ### Claim 8 A method, comprising contacting the skin of a subject to improve the subject's memory or learning with a composition comprising: an emulsion comprising a first phase comprising a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), molecular nitric oxide, and lecithin, and a second phase comprising an emulsifier, wherein the lecithin is present at least about 0.25% by weight of the composition, and wherein the first phase comprises no more than about 250 ppm of water by weight of the composition. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the peptide comprises melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the peptide comprises vasopressin. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the first phase forms discrete vesicles contained within the second phase. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the nitric oxide is present at at least about 0.5% by weight of the composition without nitric oxide. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein at least some of the nitric oxide is present within the first phase bound to phosphatidylcholine. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the lecithin comprises a phosphatidylcholine. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein at least some of the phosphatidylcholine comprises a polyenylphosphatidylcholine. ### Claim 16 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the first phase comprises a fatty acid ester. ### Claim 17 A method, comprising: administering, to the skin of a subject to improve the subject's memory or learning, a composition comprising an emulsion comprising a first phase comprising an effective amount of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), molecular nitric oxide, and phosphatidylcholine to improve the subject's memory or learning, and a second phase comprising an emulsifier, wherein the composition comprises no more than about 250 ppm of water by weight of the composition.