Liquid-crystalline medium

A liquid-crystalline medium comprising

• at least one dichroic dye F having a rylene structure whose longest-wave absorption maximum is at a wavelength of greater than 600 nm, and which is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formulae (F-I), (F-II), (F-III), (F-IV) and (F-V),
• wherein
• n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,
• ZF1 is, each independently, a single bond, —C(═O)O—, —OC(═O)—, —C(═O)S—, —SC(═O)—, —CF2—, —CF2—CF2—, —CF2O—, —OCF2— or —O—,
• RF1 is, each independently, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFA, or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFA,
• RF2, RF3, RF4, RF5, RF6 are each independently, H, F, Cl, Br, ORFA, OCH2RFA, SRFA, SCH2RFA, C(═O)ORFA, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFA, or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFA, or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFA, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFA,
• RFA is, each independently, F, Cl, Br, —OCF2RFB, —CF2O—RFB, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, where the said groups are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFB, or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals RFB, and
• RFB is, each independently, F or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms;
• and
• one or more compounds of formula (I)
• wherein
• R11 is H, F, Cl, CN, NCS, R1—O—CO—, R1—CO—O—, an alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkenyl, alkenyloxy or thioalkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by F, Cl or CN, and in which one or more CH2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by O, S, —O—CO— or —CO—O—,
• R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, in which one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally replaced by F or Cl, and in which one or more CH2 groups are optionally replaced by O or S,
• Z11 is —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CF2—CF2—, —CF2—O—, —O—CF2—, —CH2—CH2—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —CF═CH—, —CH═CF—, —C≡C—, —OCH2—, —CH2O—or a single bond,
• A11 is
• and
• X is, each independently, F, Cl, CN or an alkyl, alkoxy or alkylthio group having 1 to 10 C atoms, in which one or more hydrogen atoms in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by F or Cl, and in which one or more CH2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by O or S.