Systems and methods for frequency-domain filtering and space-time domain discrimination of seismic data

A computer system for filtering and reducing noise in seismic data, the computer system comprising:

• one or more processors;
• one or more data-storage devices;
• and
• a routine stored in one or more of the one or more data-storage devices and executed by the one or more processors, the routine directed to:
• receiving pressure data and velocity data generated by one or more multi-component sensors of one or more streamers towed by a survey vessel;
• initializing values of a filtered wavefield to zero;
• for a number of iterations,
• applying one or more filters to the pressure data and velocity data to generate a first filtered wavefield;
• applying singular value decomposition (“SVD”) to the first filtered wavefield to generate an extracted wavefield;
• updating the filtered wavefield based on the extracted wavefield to reduce noise in the filter wavefield;
• applying SVD to the pressure data and the velocity data to generate corresponding extracted pressure data and extracted velocity data;
• adjusting the pressure and velocity data based on extracted pressure data and extracted velocity;
• and
• storing the filtered wavefield in the one or more computer-readable media.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium having machine-readable instructions that determine structural information about a subterranean formation encoded thereon for enabling one or more processors of a computer system to perform the operations of:

• receiving a set of wavefields;
• initializing values of a filtered wavefield to zero;
• for a number of iterations,
• performing a dip search on a wavefield in the set of wavefields to generate one or more dip values;
• applying singular value decomposition (“SVD”) to the wavefield to generate an extracted wavefield based on the one or more dip values;
• adding the extracted wavefield to the filtered wavefield to update the filtered wavefield, reducing noise in the filtered wavefield;
• subtracting the extracted wavefield from each wavefield in the set of wavefields;
• and
• generating an image of the subterranean formation using at least in part the filtered wavefield, the image revealing structural information about the subterranean formation.

A method for generating a geophysical data product, the method comprising:

• receiving pressure data and velocity data generated by one or more multi-component sensors of one or more streamers towed by a survey vessel;
• and
• processing the seismic data using a programmable computer that is programmed to generate the geophysical data product, wherein the processing includes:
• initializing values of a filtered wavefield to zero;
• for a number of iterations,
• applying one or more filters to the pressure data and velocity data to generate a first filtered wavefield;
• applying singular value decomposition (“SVD”) to the first filtered wavefield to generate an extracted wavefield;
• updating the filtered wavefield based on the extracted wavefield to reduce noise in the filtered wavefield;
• applying SVD to the pressure data and the velocity data to generate corresponding extracted pressure data and extracted velocity data;
• adjusting the pressure and velocity data based on extracted pressure data and extracted velocity data;
• and
• storing the filtered wavefield in one or more computer-readable media.