Low concentration ammonia nanosensor
AssigneeThe Research Foundation for The State University of New York
InventorVladimir Samuilov
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Abstract
An electrochemical sensor for sensing a gaseous analyte includes a substrate having at least two electrodes disposed thereon, and a carbon nanotube-polyaniline (CNT/PANI) film disposed on the substrate and in contact with at least two electrodes. The CNT/PANI film includes carbon nanotubes coated with a thin layer of polyaniline. The thickness of the polyaniline coating is such that electron transport can occur along and/or between the carbon nanotubes.
Claims18
An electrochemical sensor for sensing ammonia, said sensor comprising:
- a substrate having more than four electrodes disposed thereon;
- and
- a carbon nanotube-polyaniline (CNT/PANI) film disposed on the substrate and in contact with at least two electrodes,
- said CNT/PANI film comprising carbon nanotubes coated with a layer of polyaniline of thickness such that electron transport can occur along and/or between the carbon nanotubes;
- and wherein the average thickness of the polyanaline coating on the surface of the CNTs is less than the average diameter of the carbon nanotubes.
A method of making an electrochemical sensor for sensing a gaseous analyte, said method comprising:
- preparing a solution of polyaniline (PANI) and camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) in chloroform;
- preparing a solution of octadecylamine (ODA) functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in chloroform;
- mixing the PANI/CSA solution and the ODA-functionalized CNT solution to make a CNT/PANI solution;
- and
- depositing a CNT/PANI film on a substrate having at least two electrodes disposed thereon, such that the film is in contact with at least two electrodes,
- wherein said film comprises carbon nanotubes coated with a layer of polyaniline of thickness such that electron transport can occur along and/or between the carbon nanotubes, and said film is formed by spin-coating the CNT/PANI solution.
A method for detecting a disease from analytes in a sample of human exhaled breath, comprising:
- exposing a polyaniline (PANI)-carbon nanotube composite to a gaseous breath sample from a human, whose resistivity changes in response to ammonia present in the gaseous sample;
- and
- detecting the change in resistivity of the sensor in response to ammonia in the gaseous sample, detecting a concentration of ammonia between 1 ppb and 200 ppb which is used to detect the presence of a disease.
An electrochemical sensor for sensing a gaseous analyte, said sensor comprising:
- a substrate having at least two electrodes disposed thereon;
- and
- a carbon nanotube-polyaniline (CNT/PANI) film disposed on the substrate and in contact with at least two electrodes,
- said CNT/PANI film comprising carbon nanotubes coated with a layer of polyaniline of thickness such that electron transport can occur along and/or between the carbon nanotubes;
- wherein the wherein the polyaniline coating has an average thickness of less than 10 nm and wherein the average diameter of the polyaniline-coated carbon nanotubes is greater than or equal to 10 nm and less than 50 nm.
An electrochemical sensor for sensing ammonia, said sensor comprising:
- a substrate having at least two electrodes disposed thereon;
- and
- a carbon nanotube-polyaniline (CNT/PANI) film disposed on the substrate and in contact with at least two electrodes,
- said CNT/PANI film comprising carbon nanotubes coated with a layer of polyaniline of thickness such that electron transport can occur along and/or between the carbon nanotubes;
- and wherein said sensor is capable of sensing at least 1 ppb of the ammonia.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.